Page:An elementary middle English grammar (IA elementarymiddle00wrig).pdf/20
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ABBREVIATIONS, ETC.
| AN. | = Anglo-Norman |
| Angl. | = Anglian |
| C.Fr. | = Central French |
| dial. | = dialect |
| ED.Gr. | = English Dialect Grammar |
| EM. | = East Midland |
| ENE.Gr. | = Elementary Historical New English Grammar |
| EOE.Gr. | = Elementary Old English Grammar |
| Fr. | = French |
| Goth. | = Gothic |
| Ken. | = Kentish |
| Lat. | = Latin |
| M. or m. | = Midland |
| ME. | = Middle English |
The sign ~ placed over vowels is used to mark long vowels. The sign ¸ placed under vowels is used to denote open vowels, as ē, ō, ei, oi. The sign . placed under vowels is used to denote close vowels, as ē, ō, ei, eu, ou. Simple e in unaccented syllables denotes that the vowel was not pronounced, as come, hevenes, livede. The asterisk * prefixed to a word denotes a theoretical form, as cladd from older *clādd, clothed.