Page:Batman upon Bartolome.djvu/703
And all that is comprehended of fleſh and of ſpirite of lyfe, and ſo of bodye and ſoule, is called Animall: a beaſt whether hée be airſe, as ſoules that flye: or watry, as fiſh that ſwim or earthy, as beaſts: that goe on the grounde and in fieldes, as men and beaſtes, wilde and tame, or other that créepe and glide on the ground.
And Moſes aſſigneth thrée manner of beaſts in kinde, tame beaſts & wilde, and other that créepe on the grounde, as it is written Gen. 1.[1] Héereof Baſilius ſpeaketh in Exameron,* and calleth tame beaſtes {{Latin|IIumenta]], and ſayth, that they be beaſtes graunted and ordeyned to vſe and to helpe of mankinde. And ſome be ordeyned to trauaile, as horſes. Oxen, and Camells, and other ſuch: and ſome to beare wooll for clothing of men, as ſhéepe and other ſuch, & ſome to be eaten, as ſwine and pigges. Thoſe bée créeping beaſtes and worms that paſſe from place to place by ſtretching of the bodye, and drawing againe togethers, and moue and paſſe vpward by ſuch drawing and ſtretching of the body, as the Wormes, Adders, and Serpents. And thrée manner kinde is of ſuch, for ſome draweth by the mouth, as ſmall Wormes that drawe themſelues by the mouth, and ſome drawe ſo forwarde by ſtrength of the ſides and plyauntneſſe of the body, as Serpents, Adders, and Snakes: and ſome creepe on feete, as Ewuetes, and Botractes, that be venimous Frogs, and other ſuch beaſts, and be called Beſtie, as it were Vaſtie, waſting.
For they haue kindly kinde of cruelneſſe, & réeſeth and ſheweth their ſtrength now with clawes, nowe with ſtrength of hornes, now with téeth, as Bores, Lions, Tigres, and wolues. But commonly ſome be called Beſtie, that be not tame but wilde, and bée kindly more ſtirring then tame beaſts, and more milde then cruell beaſts, as Harts, and other ſuch. And in all beaſtes is vertue of moouing and of féeling, but in ſome more, and in ſome leſſe, for as the bloud is more pure and cléere, ſome féels better and haue better eſtimation and knowing, & bee more wittye and wilye.
Therefore it is that the Oxe is ſlow and ſtable, and the Aſſe dull of wit, and horſe ſeruent in deſire, and covetous of females, the Woulfe wilde, and not tamed, the Lyon bolde and hardy, the Foxe wilye, the hound with minde of friendſhip, & ſo of other beaſts. And ſome goodneſſe of males of manners in beaſts followeth goodneſſe either mallice of complection, as Baſilius ſayth. And Ariſtotle ſayth the ſame in libro de Animalibus, and ſayth, that beaſts be diuers in manners, for ſome bée right milde, as the Cow and the Shéepe, and ſome be right wilde and not tame, as the Tygres & the wilde Boare, and ſome be right hardye, bolde, and proud, as the Lyon. And ſome beaſtes be ſtrong, wilde, and guilefull, as the woulfe & the Foxe, and other ſuch. And this diuerſity commeth of diuerſitye of vertue, that worketh diuerſlye in diuers beaſts. For as he ſayeth, libro. 1. Some beaſts haue bloud, and ſome haue none, as Bées and other beaſts with riueled bodyes.[2] But ſuch beaſtes haue other humour in ſteade of bloud.
And beaſts that haue bloud, be more then other in body and in vertue. Therefore it is, that ſome beaſts loue fellowſhippe, and goe in company, and are wilde, as Hartes, wilde Aſſes, and Camells: And ſome flye and voyde company, and maye not dwel together in company, as foules, and birds with crooked cleas, and beaſts that liue by pray. Héereto Auicen ſayth, that ſome beaſts be tame, and ſome bée wilde, and ſome liue in towns, and ſome in fieldes. And among all beaſtes, many may not liue alone, as Cranes, Bées, and Ampts, that accordeth with man in that. And alſo he ſaith, that beaſts be diuers in nouriſhing and in feeding, for onely ſome eate fleſh, as the Lion or the tiger, & the Woulfe, & other ſuch: and ſome eat fleſh, and other meat, as Hounds, and Cats, & other ſuch: and ſome eate graſſe, corne, & other fruit, as horſes & hartes, and other ſuch. And Ariſt. ſaith, libr. 1. ſome beaſtes haue their owne ſauour and taſt, that them liketh, as Bées haue liking in taſt of hony, & few other ſwéet things, as the Spider hath liking & taſt in flies, & liueth by hunting of flies; and ſome beaſts hūt