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• "Order of Generations, The," by Yechiel Heilprin, 220.
• "Order of the Tannaim and Amoraim," 212.
• Orders of the Mishnah, 31.
• Origen, under Jewish influence, 48.

• Pablo Christiani, convert, and Nachmanindes, 161.
• Palestine, the Kalirian Piyut in, 85.
  • the Maimon family in, 135.
  • explored, 204-205.
  • open to Jews, 205-206.
• Parables, in the Midrash, 60-61.
  • examples of, 62, 63.
• Parallelism of line, in the Scariptures, 108.
• Passover, hymn for, 86.
• "Path of Life, The," part of the Shulchan Aruch, 239, 240.
• "Path of the Upright, The," by Moses Chayim Luzzatto, 193.
• Penso, Joseph Felix, dramatist, 246.
• Pentateuch, the, translated, 27, 247, 258.
  • as viewed by Meir, 27.
  • commentary on, 166-168, 230.
  • See also Scriptures, the.
• Perakim, chapters of the Mishnah, 31.
• Perez of Corbeil, Tossafist, 161.
• "Perfection," by David Kimchi, 117.
• Persia, the Jews of, independent, 72.
  • See also Babylonia.
• Pesikta, a Midrashic work, 58.
• Petachiah of Ratisbon, traveller, 204.
• Phædo, or the Immortality of the Soul," by Mendelssohn, 257.
• Philo, on Judaism, 38.
• Philosophy, Jewish, created by Saadiah, 91, 95.
• Pico di Mirandola, and the Kabbala, 174.
• Piyut, the, characteristics of, 83-84.
  • two types of, 84-85.
  • Kalirian, 85.
  • Spanish, 85.

Piyut, continued.

• • creator of, 85-86.
  • by Samuel Ibn Nagdela, 105.
  • in Italy, 186.
• Poetry. See New-Hebrew poetry; Piyut.
• Poland, the Kalirian Piyut in, 85.
• Porphyry, on the Book of Daniel, 48.
• Prayer-Book, the, compiled by Amram, 70.
  • arranged by Saadiah, 95.
• Prester John, Eldad on, 203.
• "Prince and Nazirite," Abraham Ibn Chisdai, 154-155.
• Provence, the Spanish Piyut in, 85.
  • Jewish learning in, 146.
• Proverbs, in the Midrash, 69-60.
  • quoted, 59.
• Psalms, the, and new-Hebrew poetry, 104-105, 108.
  • mysticism in, 169, 170.
• Ptolemy, works of, translated, 149, 185.
• Pumbediths, centre of Jewish learning, 44, 72.
• "Purim Tractate, The," by Kalonymos, 185-186.
• Pygmies, the, discovered by Tobiah Cohen, 209.

• Questions and Answers," decisions, 73.

• Rab. See Abba Areka.
• Rabba, the son of Nachmani, Amora, 51.
• Rabbi. See Judah the Prince.
• Rabbinical schools, in Babylonia, 44.
• Rabina, Amora, compiler of the Talmud. 51, 52.
• Ralbag. See Levi, the son of Gershon.
• Ramban. See Nachmanides, Moses.
• Rashbam. See Samuel ben Meir.
• Rashi (R. Shelomo Izchaki), importance of, 119.
  • style of, 119-120.
  • characteristics of, 120-121.
  • life of, 122.
  • as an exegete, 123-124.