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Lat. red‑, re- < Ital. *u̯red- < Ar. *u̯ret‑; cf. Lat. versus ‘against’, part. of verto: √u̯er‑ ‘turn’. wrthyf < *u̯ertó-mī, etc. The 3rd sg. wrthaw < *wrth-ẟaw, the ‑ẟ- merged in the ‑th-; so for the f. and pl.
212. i. The prep. i ‘to’, Ml. W. y, O.W. di is inflected anomalously; the 1st sg. is ɥm, or with the affixed pron. ɥmi or ɥmɥ; for ɥ‑, i- is common in Ml. W., and became the usual form in Mn. W. The inflexion is as follows:
| sg. | pl. | ||
| 1. | ɥm, ɥmi, ɥmɥ, im, imi | 1. | ɥnn, ɥnni, ɥnnɥ, in, inni |
| 2. | ɥtt, ɥtti ɥttɥ, itt, itti | 2. | ɥwch, ɥchwi, ɥchw̯ɥ, iwch, ichw̯i |
| 3. | m. iẟaw, Mn. iddo | 3. | uẟu, uẟuẟ, uẟunt, Late Mn. iddynt |
| f. iẟi, Mn. iddi | |||
Examples: ym Ỻ.A. 98, l. 4, ymi w.m. 20, 22, im do. 46; ytt Ỻ.A. 95, ytti r.m. 5, yti w.m. 4, itt do. 3, 8, 9, it do. 20, itti ib.; yni do. 29, inni do. 139, ychwi r.m. 7, iwch chwi w.m. 11, ywch do. 50, utut (≡ uẟuẟ) b.b. 49–50, uẟu b.t. 74; uẟunt § 77 viii; iẟaw, iẟi passim. The Late Mn. W. spelling iddynt is artificial; see § 77 viii.
ii. Forms with y survive in Early Mn. verse, in which the rhymes show that the sound of the y is ɥ.
- Dafydd ap Gwilɥm, ɥmɥ
- Y bu fraw am na bai frɥ.—G.Gr. (m. D.G.) f.n. 1.
‘Dafydd ap Gwilym—to me there was dismay because he was no longer [alive] there.’
- Arglwydd gw̯ɥnn, nid oes ɥnni
- Un tad oil onid tydi.—M.R., p 93/56.
‘Holy Lord, there is to us no father at all but Thee.’
- Ni all angel penfelɥn
- Na llu o saint ddim lies ɥn.—G.I.Ỻ., f. 8, m 130/470 r.
‘No golden-haired angel or host of saints can [do] us any good.’
iii. The affixed pron. is often accented; in that case it is usually written separately, i mi, i ti, etc., Ml. W. y mi w.m. 8. As ínni has undoubtedly a double n the form yni w.m. 20 must mean ɥnī́ (the double consonant being simplified before the accent § 27 ii).
- Gwell i mī́ golli ’mýwyd
- Na chan boen nychu ’n y byd.—T.A., a 14866/201.
‘It is better for me to lose my life than in pain to pine in the world.’ Rarely in poetry i mỿ́fi D.G. 53, i nynī́ H.S. 22, etc.; thus:
