Page:Mycenæ by Heinrich Schliemann.djvu/57

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TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Preface, by the Right Hon. W. E. GladstonePage v . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dr. Schliemann's Account of a Tomb at Spata, in Attica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		xli
The Fall of Mycenæ, as described by Diodorus Siculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		xlviii
Table of French and English Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		lviii
List of Illustrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		lix

CHAPTER I.
Excavations at Tiryns.
Situation of the City Description by Pausanias Cyclopean Walls: meaning of the epithet The Quarry The rock of Tiryns and its bordering Wall Galleries, Gate, and Tower Walls and Terraces of the Acropolis Mythical traditions and History of Tiryns Its destruction by the Argives Its connection with the myth of Hercules Morasses in the Plain of Argos The Walls of Tiryns the most ancient monument in Greece Pottery a test of antiquity Beginning of the Excavations Cyclopean house-walls and conduits Objects discovered Terra-cotta cows, and female idols with cow's-horns Both represent the goddess Hera Boöpis A bird-headed idol A bronze figure, the only piece of metal at Tiryns, except lead No stone implements found Pottery Hellenic remains outside the citadel, which was the primitive city Proofs of different periods of habitation The later city of Tiryns The archaic pottery of Tiryns like that of Mycenæ Its forms and decoration denote higher civilisation than the rude walls would lead us to expect Older pottery on the virgin soil, but no cows or idols Probable date of the second nation at Tiryns, about 1000 to 800 B.C.; of the Cyclopean walls, about 1800 to 1600 B.C. No resemblance to any of the pottery in the strata of Hissarlik, except the goblets A human skeleton found Whorls Estimate of soil to be moved at Tiryns Greater importance of Mycenæ Page 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Note A.—"Hera Boöpis" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		19
CHAPTER II.
Topography of Mycenæ.
GATE OF THE LIONS AND TREASURY OF ATREUS.
The road from Argos to Mycena The Plain of Argos: its rivers and hills, horses and vegetation Myth regarding its arid nature Swamps in the southern part; and fable of the Lernæan hydra Early social develop-