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Roman moralists. Horace proposes (Odes, III. 16, 38) to enlarge his revenues by contracting his desires,—"Contracta melius parva cupidine Vectigalia porrigam." Cicero more than once recommends the affluence of frugality,—"Non intelligunt homines quam magnum vectigal parsimonia." (Paradox. VI. 3.) Epicurus himself is recorded to have bidden his followers increase their incomes by curtailing their wishes, and add to their means by cutting down their wants. But I do not find where it occurs in Plato's extant writings.
Page 132.—The fragment from Æschylus, Thou liftest up, to cast us down again, from an unknown play, quoted also once elsewhere by Plutarch, is No. 312 in Hermann's edition.
Page 141.—For Law, in Pindar's words, the King of all, see Boeckh, Fragmenta Incerta, 151, a famous and much debated passage quoted at greater length in Plato's Gorgias, p. 484, and in the Laws, pp. 690, 890. In Pindar's sense it is Enacted Law, making all things right by its own naturally appointed might. For Minos, the familiar friend of Jupiter, compare the life of Theseus, Vol. I. p. 13. The passage in Homer is in the Odyssey (XIX. 178), the land of Crete in the mid dark sea is beautiful and fat, with water flowing around it, full of people in great hosts, containing ninety cities .... one of which is Gnossus, where Minos reigned nine years, the familiar friend of great Zeus,—and there is a reference also in both places to the comments of Socrates in Plato's Minos (p. 320), where, on the argument of Homer's phrase, Minos is pronounced the best of kings, and the story of the Minotaur and the labyrinth discarded as an Attic stage fable.
Page 144.—What was the play of Sophocles, to which the passage belongs, is unknown. This fragment (No. 713 in Dindorf) is only preserved to us by Plutarch, who quotes a part of it in two other places.
Page 145.—The verses, Humbled to man, are from the beginning of the Bacchæ (4), spoken by Bacchus.
Page 146.—They called Antigonus the blind old man, since, as Plutarch himself records in the beginning of the life of Sertorius, he had lost one eye. There is a story in one of Plutarch's minor works which turns upon his being called a Cyclops.
Life of Antony, page 160. — The passage of Cicero in his Philippics is in the twenty-second chapter of the famous second Philippic;—"Ut Helena Trojanis, sic iste huic reipublicæ causa belli, causa pestis atque exitii fuit."
Page 175.—Antony's reply, Not very large but extremely ruinous, is meant for a jest in the manner which the Greeks called a surprise,—rather a favorite piece of pleasantry with them. Antony begins in the tone of compliment, The building certainly could not be called large, but it was exceedingly—beautiful, he seemed to be going to say, and for this he substitutes rotten or ruinous. The Senate in the next sentence must, I think, be the Senate, or Council, of Delphi.
Page 176.—The City in Sophocles is Thebes in the time of the pestilence, described at the beginning of the Œdipus Tyrannus.
Page 189.—The mischief that thus long had lain still or slept has a metrical run in the Greek, and sounds like a tragic fragment. Plato's restive and rebellious horse is depicted in the Phsedrus about the middle of the dialogue (pp. 254–256).