Page:Sewell Indian chronography.pdf/134

3498 − 3473 = 25. 25 Khara was current at M. S. of K.Y. 3498.

3499 − 3473 = 26. But 26 Nandana was expunged. Therefore, 27 Vijaya was current at M. S. of K.Y. 3499.

3500 − 3473 = 27. But as 26 Nandana was expunged, 28 Jaya was current at M. S. of K.Y. 3500 expired.

Hence, 25 Khara began in K.Y. 3497 expired. 26 Nandana and 27 Vijaya both began in K.Y. 3498 expired. And 28 Jaya began in K.Y. 3499 expired.

Example 50.—To find the time of beginning and ending of a Jovian saṁvatsara according to the Sūrya Siddhānta without the bīja. Find from Table XXVII. the beginning-time in days and decimals of the first saṁvatsara, Prabhava, of the current cycle, i.e., of the Prabhava which, in col. 2 of that Table, begins in the year next previous to the given year. Note the interval of years between that Prabhava-year and the given year, and add 1 to the number. Following the working rule given in § 137, determine which saṁvatsara began in the given year. Deduct its number of days and decimals in col. 3 of Table XXVII.A from the number of days in col. 3 of Table XXVII. (or from the number of days so given + 365.2588) of the first saṁvatsara, Prabhava, of the cycle. The remainder shows the number of days intervening between apparent Mēsha saṁkrānti of the solar year previous to the given year and the beginning-moment of the saṁvatsara in question. Find from Table I. the moment of that Mēsha saṁkrānti. Add to it the remainder last found, expressed in days, hours and minutes by help of Table XXXVI. The result shows the day, hour and minute of the beginning of the required saṁvatsara. For its end, add 361.02672 days, or 361 d. 0 h. 38 m. 29 s., to the time of beginning.

Wanted, the time of beginning and ending of the saṁvatsara, Krōdhana, stated in Table I. as being expunged in the year corresponding to K.Y. 3412 expired (A.D. 311–12).

This is the example worked out by the full and complicated Sūrya Siddhānta method in § 59A, p. 34, of the Indian Calendar. It showed that the cyclic year 59 Krōdhana began on the 20th March, A.D. 311, at 59 gh. 25.2 p., or 23 h. 46 m. 5 s. after mean sunrise, and therefore that the saṁvatsara current at apparent Mēsha saṁkrānti in that year (which corresponds to K.Y. 3412 expired), or on March 17th, was the previous samvatsara, 58 Raktāksha. I proceed to calculate the beginning of Krōdhana in that year by my present Tables. 3412 − 3354 (the year of No. 1 Prabhava of the cycle) + 1 = 59. Therefore, 59 Krōdhana (see rule) began in K.Y. 3412 expired.

3.53457 = (Table XXXVI.) 3 d. 12 h. 49 m. 47 s.. Krōdhana began at this distance of time after apparent Mēsha saṁkrānti of K.Y. 3412, which occurred according to the Ārya Siddhānta on March 17th, A.D. 311, at 11 h. 17 m. after mean sunrise (Table I., cols. 13, 17). To obtain this latter moment according to the Sūrya Siddhānta we have to deduct (Table XVII.) 20 m.; but as in this example I wish to be as accurate as possible, I calculate the difference by the Table on p.55 of the Indian Calendar, which gives it as 20.1 m., or 20 m. 6 s. Apparent Mēsha saṁkrānti, therefore, by the Sūrya Siddhānta occurred on March 17th at 10 h. 56 m. 54 s. Therefore, Krōdhana began on March 20th at (12 h. 49 m. 47 s. + 10 h. 56 m. 54 s.), 23 h. 46 m. 41 s. after mean sunrise.

The result, therefore, by my Tables differs by only 36 s.^[2] from the result obtained by the full Hindū method as enjoined by the Sūrya Siddhānta. If, however, we add to the moment of true Mēsha

1. ↑ I have added the actual fifth decimal figure here, though it does not appear in the Table.
2. ↑ Compare this with the result obtained in § 158.