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of the moraine. The mean of several observations upon kame-like accumulations of gravel lying within ten miles of the parent outcrops gave Mr. Buell 5 per cent. of quartzite, in the interior material accessible in sectional exposures. At points about midway between the parent ledges and the terminal moraine, forty-five miles distant, the average amount was found to be 1.2 per cent. Measurements made nearer the limit of the later drift showed .39 per cent., while on the margin, the quantities were usually found too small to be estimated in percentages.

It thus appears that the law of distribution found in the drumlins holds good for the kames save that the relative percentage of quartzite in the latter is greater than in the former; a fact which finds its explanation, in part certainly, in the fact that the clayey and other fine material of the drumlins enters into the estimate of percentage for them while it does not in the case of the kames, it having been chiefly washed away; and perhaps also, in part, in the fact of greater resistance to wear on the part of the quartzite.

These kame-like accumulations sometimes lie in the lee of the drumlins and form a part of the common hill or ridge, their contours blending into the common contours of the drumloid form, so that there can be no doubt that the two portions were simultaneous in formation, and that the horizon and environment of their accumulation were identical. In other instances, they are associated with cols or with valleys among the drumlins in such a way as to leave no doubt that the kames and drumlins were closely associated and essentially contemporaneous in formation. As some of these kame-like forms lie very near the parent quartzite ledges, it seems quite impossible to suppose that the quartzite erratics were borne to the surface by internal cross movement of the ice, and afterwards let down so near to the origin of the material as we find them. There seems, therefore, no escape from the conclusion that these are also very strictly basal phenomena, being but assorted and re-aggregated portions of the common drift of the drumlins and the general ground moraine.