Page:Troja by Heinrich Schliemann.djvu/100

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50
THE FIRST SETTLEMENT.
[Chap. II.

passages, prove the ancient mining industry: that the riches of Midas were derived from the mines of the mountain of Bermion; the wealth of Gyges, Alyattes, and Croesus, from those of Lydia and one near a small desert town between Atarneus and Pergamum, which has exhausted mines."[1] Mr. Calvert further calls my attention to the passage in Pliny:[2] "Gemmae nascuntur et repente novae, ac sine nominibus: sicut olim Lampsaci in metallis aurariis una inventa, quae propter pulchritudinem Alexandro regi missa fuit, ut auctor est Theophrastus."[3] Lampsacus is not more than 30 kilomètres to the north of Abydos, and 55 from Ilium. Mr. Calvert also cites to me the passage of the famous Dr. Chandler: "The principal countries whence the Greeks procured their gold were India, Arabia, Armenia, Colchis, and the Troade." It affords me pleasure to add that Mr. Calvert is now exploring the mines of Astyra, of which he has obtained from the Sublime Porte the concession for ninety-nine years.

There was found a large number of awls and needles of bone; also some small objects of ivory, like those represented in Ilios, p. 261, Nos. 123–140.

Besides the places enumerated on p. 262 in Ilios, bone-needles of a similar form were found in the Grotta del Diavolo, near Bologna,[4] the antiquities of which, as mentioned above, are attributed to the first epoch of the reindeer. They also occur in the terramare of the Emilia.

Huckle-bones (astragali) occur in all the prehistoric

  1. ↑ Strabo, XIII. p. 680: ὡς ὁ μὲν Ταντάλου πλοῦτος καὶ τῶν Πελοπιδών ἀπὸ τῶν περὶ Φρυγίαν καὶ Σίπυλον μετάλλων ἐγένετο· ὁ δὲ Κάδμου [ἐκ τῶν] περὶ Θράκην καὶ τὸ Παγγαῖον ὄρος· ὁ δὲ Πριάμου ἐκ τῶν ἐν Ἀστέροις περὶ Αβυδον χρυσείων, ὧν καὶ νῦν ἔτι μικρὰ λείπεται· πολλὴ δ᾽ ἡ ἐκβολὴ καὶ τὰ ὀρύγματα σημεῖα τῆς πώλαι μεταλλείας· ὁ δὲ Μίδου ἐκ τῶν περὶ τὸ Βέρμιον ὄρος· ὁ δὲ Γύγου καὶ ᾿Αλυάττου καὶ Κροίσου ἀπὸ τῶν ἐν Λυδία . . . τῆς μεταξύ Αταρνέως τε καὶ Περγάμου πολίχνη ἐρήμη ἐκμεμεταλλευμένα ἔχουσα τὰ χωρία.
  2. ↑ H. N. XXXVII., 74.
  3. ↑ De Lapidibus.
  4. ↑ Avv. Ulderigo Botti, La Gretta del Diavolo, Bologna, 1871, p. 36, and Pl. IV. fig. 15.
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