Page:Troja by Heinrich Schliemann.djvu/132

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82
THE SECOND CITY: TROY.
[Chap. III.

I am indebted to my friend, Mr. James Fergusson, for the accompanying sketch (No. 27A) of the temple of

    separate base, as was usually the case, is evident enough. It was for artistic reasons—the same that prevented the pillars and the walls from being furnished with bases. Such a separation from the stylobate would have prevented it from having a common significance with the other two forms. When however a base to the wall was introduced, with or without mouldings, it was also added to the anta; but in that case it is a sure sign of the introduction of an Attic-Ionic element; as is found, for instance, in the Theseum, and in the Temple of Artemis-Propylaea at Eleusis, where a reversed cymatium appears as a base.

    "In a technical sense, an anta or parastas signifies any part of a building that stands in juxtaposition with another; thence it applies to a wall at the side of an entrance, and also to the artistic form which terminates any projecting wall. For this artistic form, as well as for every such projecting wall, the Latin term anta is used. The term parastas came eventually to be applied to the space between the side walls, a use shown, as already said, by the term being applied to designate both the pronaos and posticum, when they are called 'in parastades.' The so-called parastas-space, or space between the antae, is a term used not only to designate this particular portion, but also to describe a form of temple, and to distinguish a particular form of temple, whether prostyle, amphiprostyle, or peripteral. The existence of the antae alone would not be sufficient for the purpose, as these exist in all known forms of temples."
    Boetticher gives the following citations from ancient authors regarding parastades. The scholiast to Euripides, Androm. 1089 (where Neoptolemus takes down the arms from a parastades wall in the temple of Delphi) explains: παραστάδας λέγει τὰς κατὰ τὴν εἴσοδον ἑκατέρωθεν παρἱσταμένας τύχας. The parastas becomes the vestibulum, as distinct from the cella, in Eurip. Iphig. Taur. 1159: Άναξ, ἐχ αὐτοῦ πόδα σὸν ἐν παραστάσι; Eurip. Phoen. 418: ᾿Αδράστου δ᾽ ἦλθον ἐς παραστάδας. Vitruvius, 6, 7, 1, uses παραστάς for the space—(antae for the two projecting walls)—forming the vestibulum, prothyron, or prostomiaion, with a roof, as also is the case in the Puteolanian inscription given by Gruter: "ex eo pariete antas duas ad more morsum proiicito longas P. II, crassas P. I. Hesychius explains παραστάδες· οἱ πρὸς τοῖς τοίχους τετραμμένοι κίονες. The antae of the door-opening are likewise parastades, being rendered by phliai, stathmoi. Hesychius: φλιᾶς· τῆς θύρας παραστάδος, though φλιά is often confounded with threshold, as in the Schol. Hom. Iliad, I. 591. Hesychius also explains παρασταθμίδες τῆς θύρας τὰ πρὸς τῷ στρόφιγγι. Poll. 1, 76: σταθμοὶ δὲ τὰ ἑκατέρωθεν ξύλα κατὰ πλευρὰν τῶν θυρῶν, ἃ παραστάδες φασίν. Herodotus speaks of them as being of

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