Page:Troja by Heinrich Schliemann.djvu/316

with small stones; to the second epoch a wall of well-joined stones, almost rectangular, which lie in horizontal courses like steps, each course projecting 0.10 m., from the lowest to the highest; also a wall, the lower part of which consists of well-wrought blocks, about 1 mètre long, the upper courses consisting of well-joined rustic quoins, that is to say, of square stones with an unwrought projecting square panel in the middle of the exterior side of each, which were intended to give to the masonry the character of great weight and solidity. Similar rustic quoins have been especially used in the palaces of the renaissance age in Italy. There are besides some walls of small stones, apparently also belonging to the second epoch.

I also found these two distinct epochs in all the trenches I dug and in all the shafts I sank, both in the Acropolis and in the lower city. In a trench, 25 m. long by 2.50 m. deep, which I dug in the middle of the little citadel, I found in the layer of the second epoch, which reached to a depth of 1.80 m. below the surface, several house-walls of small stones, and very numerous fragments of Hellenic pottery, for the most part of a very common monochrome red, green, or black; a great deal of it is not varnished at all; some cups or vases are only varnished black or red on the outside, the inside retaining the natural colour of the clay; others are left unpainted on the outside, the inside being ornamented with black bands; again, others have a black varnish with red bands on the outside, the inside being left unpainted. There also occur common plates, which are unpainted on the outside, but varnished red on the inside, with a very rude ornamentation of black bands. But there occur also a good number of fragments of well-made pottery, carefully varnished black both on the outside and the inside, and red on the bottom with two small concentric circles in the centre. There also occurs common fluted black pottery, which archaeologists cannot ascribe to a remoter time than about 200 B.C. The other