ôl

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ol"

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *olo- (“behind, beyond”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“alien, other”). Cognate with arall (“other”), Cornish ooll, and Old Irish ol (“because”); outside of Celtic, compare Proto-Slavic *olni (“last year”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /oːl/
  • Rhymes: -oːl

Noun

ôl m (plural olion or olau)

  1. track, trace
  2. mark, residue
  3. back, rear

Usage notes

As with other nouns such as blaen (“front”), diwedd (“end, termination”) and pen (“end, head”), there is a derived superlative adjective: olaf. However, no equative or comparative forms exist.

Derived terms

  • ar ôl (“after”)
  • nôl (“fetch”)
  • ôl troed (“footprint”)
  • olaf (“last, final”)
  • olynol (“consecutive”)
  • tu ôl (“behind”)
  • yn ôl (“back, backwards; ago; according to”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of ôl
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
ôl unchanged unchanged hôl

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “ôl”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ôl”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  • Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 298
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