боря
See also: Боря
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borti / *boriti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbɔrʲɐ]
Audio: (file)
Verb
бо́ря • (bórja) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective бо́рна)
- (transitive) to wrestle, to fight, to combat
- (transitive, figurative) to fight back, to withstand, to resist
- боря глад/умора/лишения ― borja glad/umora/lišenija ― to resist hunger/fatigue/scarcity
- (reflexive with се) to struggle, to make efforts against
- боря се с трудности ― borja se s trudnosti ― to struggle against hardship
- боря се със смъртта (idiom) ― borja se sǎs smǎrtta ― to fight for one's life (literally, “to wrestle with death”)
- (reflexive with се) to stand for, to scramble for, to uphold
- боря се за правата си ― borja se za pravata si ― to fight/stand for one's rights
- боря се за живота си ― borja se za života si ― to fight for one's life
Conjugation
Conjugation of бо́ря (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | бо́рещ bórešt |
бо́рил, бори́л1 bóril, boríl1 |
бо́рел bórel |
бо́рен bóren |
бо́рейки bórejki | |
| definite subject form | бо́рещият bóreštijat |
бо́рилият, бори́лият1 bórilijat, borílijat1 |
— | бо́реният bórenijat | |||
| definite object form | бо́рещия bóreštija |
бо́рилия, бори́лия1 bórilija, borílija1 |
— | бо́рения bórenija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | бо́реща bórešta |
бо́рила, бори́ла1 bórila, boríla1 |
бо́рела bórela |
бо́рена bórena | ||
| definite | бо́рещата bóreštata |
бо́рилата, бори́лата1 bórilata, borílata1 |
— | бо́рената bórenata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | бо́рещо bórešto |
бо́рило, бори́ло1 bórilo, borílo1 |
бо́рело bórelo |
бо́рено bóreno |
бо́рене bórene | |
| definite | бо́рещото bóreštoto |
бо́рилото, бори́лото1 bóriloto, boríloto1 |
— | бо́реното bórenoto |
бо́ренето bóreneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | бо́рещи bórešti |
бо́рили, бори́ли1 bórili, boríli1 |
бо́рели bóreli |
бо́рени bóreni |
бо́рения, бо́ренета bórenija, bóreneta | |
| definite | бо́рещите bóreštite |
бо́рилите, бори́лите1 bórilite, borílite1 |
— | бо́рените bórenite |
бо́ренията, бо́ренетата bórenijata, bórenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | бо́ря bórja |
бо́риш bóriš |
бо́ри bóri |
бо́рим bórim |
бо́рите bórite |
бо́рят bórjat | |
| imperfect | бо́рех bóreh |
бо́реше bóreše |
бо́реше bóreše |
бо́рехме bórehme |
бо́рехте bórehte |
бо́реха bóreha | |
| aorist | бо́рих, бори́х1 bórih, boríh1 |
бо́ри, бори́1 bóri, borí1 |
бо́ри, бори́1 bóri, borí1 |
бо́рихме, бори́хме1 bórihme, boríhme1 |
бо́рихте, бори́хте1 bórihte, boríhte1 |
бо́риха, бори́ха1 bóriha, boríha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and бо́рел m, бо́рела f, бо́рело n, or бо́рели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and бо́рел m, бо́рела f, бо́рело n, or бо́рели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and бо́рел m, бо́рела f, бо́рело n, or бо́рели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and бо́рил/бори́л1 m, бо́рила/бори́ла1 f, бо́рило/бори́ло1 n, or бо́рили/бори́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| бори́ borí |
боре́те boréte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
verbs
- доборя pf (doborja), доборвам impf (doborvam)
- заборя pf (zaborja), заборвам impf (zaborvam)
- надборя pf (nadborja), надборвам impf (nadborvam)
- отборя се pf (otborja se), отборвам се impf (otborvam se)
- поборя pf (poborja), поборвам impf (poborvam)
- преборя pf (preborja), преборвам impf (preborvam)
- сборя pf (sborja), сборвам impf (sborvam)
- уборя pf (uborja), уборвам impf (uborvam)
- бори́чкам (boríčkam) (iterative)
Related terms
- бра́ня (bránja, “to defend”)
References
- “боря”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “боря”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1895), “бо́рѭ, -ишь; -рилъ (бо́рвамь)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 64
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “боря се”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 69
- “брати сѧ”, in Старобългарски речник [Dictionary of Old Bulgarian] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2025
Anagrams
- броя (broja)