оря
See also: ора
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oriti.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [ˈɔrʲɐ]
Verb
о́ря • (órja) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective о́рна) (colloquial, dialectal)
- (transitive) to bring down, to oust, to topple
- (by extension) to decimate, to obliterate, to ruin
- (figurative, exaggerated) to shed (tears)
- оря крокодилски сълзи ― orja krokodilski sǎlzi ― to cry non-genuinely (literally, “to shed crocodile tears”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of о́ря (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | о́рещ órešt |
о́рил, ори́л1 óril, oríl1 |
о́рел órel |
о́рен óren |
о́рейки órejki | |
| definite subject form | о́рещият óreštijat |
о́рилият, ори́лият1 órilijat, orílijat1 |
— | о́реният órenijat | |||
| definite object form | о́рещия óreštija |
о́рилия, ори́лия1 órilija, orílija1 |
— | о́рения órenija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | о́реща órešta |
о́рила, ори́ла1 órila, oríla1 |
о́рела órela |
о́рена órena | ||
| definite | о́рещата óreštata |
о́рилата, ори́лата1 órilata, orílata1 |
— | о́рената órenata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | о́рещо órešto |
о́рило, ори́ло1 órilo, orílo1 |
о́рело órelo |
о́рено óreno |
о́рене órene | |
| definite | о́рещото óreštoto |
о́рилото, ори́лото1 óriloto, oríloto1 |
— | о́реното órenoto |
о́ренето óreneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | о́рещи órešti |
о́рили, ори́ли1 órili, oríli1 |
о́рели óreli |
о́рени óreni |
о́рения, о́ренета órenija, óreneta | |
| definite | о́рещите óreštite |
о́рилите, ори́лите1 órilite, orílite1 |
— | о́рените órenite |
о́ренията, о́ренетата órenijata, órenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | о́ря órja |
о́риш óriš |
о́ри óri |
о́рим órim |
о́рите órite |
о́рят órjat | |
| imperfect | о́рех óreh |
о́реше óreše |
о́реше óreše |
о́рехме órehme |
о́рехте órehte |
о́реха óreha | |
| aorist | о́рих, ори́х1 órih, oríh1 |
о́ри, ори́1 óri, orí1 |
о́ри, ори́1 óri, orí1 |
о́рихме, ори́хме1 órihme, oríhme1 |
о́рихте, ори́хте1 órihte, oríhte1 |
о́риха, ори́ха1 óriha, oríha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and о́рел m, о́рела f, о́рело n, or о́рели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and о́рел m, о́рела f, о́рело n, or о́рели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and о́рел m, о́рела f, о́рело n, or о́рели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and о́рил/ори́л1 m, о́рила/ори́ла1 f, о́рило/ори́ло1 n, or о́рили/ори́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| ори́ orí |
оре́те oréte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
verbs
- изоря pf (izorja), изорявам impf (izorjavam)
- оборя pf (oborja), оборвам impf (oborvam)
- орясам pf (orjasam), орясвам impf (orjasvam)
- разоря pf (razorja), разорявам impf (razorjavam)
- съборя pf (sǎborja), съборвам impf (sǎborvam)
References
- Nayden Gerov (1899), “о́рѭ, -ишь; -рилъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 383
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “оря”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 932
- “орити”, in Старобългарски речник [Dictionary of Old Bulgarian] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2025
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɐˈrʲa]
Participle
оря́ • (orjá)
- present adverbial imperfective participle of ора́ть (orátʹ)