черкес
See also: черкесъ
Russian
Alternative forms
- черке́съ (čerkés) — pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology
Of disputed origin, with suggestions including Turkic, Persian or Ancient Greek.[1] Some of the theories on the origin of the word include:
- Derived from Cercetae, an ancient Circassian tribe.[2]
- Derived from Shirkess/Cherkess, the medieval Khazar/Turkic term for Circassia; derived from Sirakes, an ancient Greek name of the region.[3]
- Derived from Turkic *čērig ("army, soldier"), and Turkic *kes- ("to cut, to slay"), meaning "army slayer" or "soldier cutter".[3][4][5]
- According to Rashid al-Din Hamadani, Derived from Persian چهار (čahâr, “four”) and Persian کس (kas, “people”), denoting four tribes.[3] "Kas" is also another term historically used for Circassians; thus it could mean "four Circassian [tribes]".
- From Ossetian цӕркӕсӕг (cærkæsæg), from Ossetian цӕргӕс (cærgæs, “eagle”).[6][1]
- From "Scythian-Iranian" K'arš-k'³.[7]
See Circassians for more detail.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t͡ɕɪrˈkʲes]
Noun
черке́с • (čerkés) m anim (genitive черке́са, nominative plural черке́сы, genitive plural черке́сов, feminine черке́шенка, relational adjective черке́сский)
Declension
Declension of черке́с (anim masc-form hard-stem accent-a)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | черке́с čerkés |
черке́сы čerkésy |
| genitive | черке́са čerkésa |
черке́сов čerkésov |
| dative | черке́су čerkésu |
черке́сам čerkésam |
| accusative | черке́са čerkésa |
черке́сов čerkésov |
| instrumental | черке́сом čerkésom |
черке́сами čerkésami |
| prepositional | черке́се čerkése |
черке́сах čerkésax |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 2025 August 19 (last accessed), “ČARKAS”, in Encyclopaedia Iranica[1]:
- ^ (Can we date this quote?), “Керкеты”, in Большая советская энциклопедия (Great Soviet Encyclopedia)[2]:
- Племенное название Керкет, по-видимому, явилось основой возникшего позже названия народа — Черкесы
- Plemennoje nazvanije Kerket, po-vidimomu, javilosʹ osnovoj voznikševo pozže nazvanija naroda — Čerkesy
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Kazemzadeh, Hamed (2018) The Circassian Question (Thesis)[3]
- ^ 1837, Edouard Taitbout de Marigny (chevalier.), Three Voyages in the Black Sea to the Coast of Circassia[4], J. Murray:
- ^ Klaproth, 1814
- ^ M. Vasmer, Russisches entomologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg, 1950-58.
- ^ W. Bang and J. Marquart, Osttürkische Dialektstudien, Abh. der Kön. Ges. der Wiss., Göttingen, phil.-hist. Kl., N.S. 13/1, 1914.
Ukrainian
Etymology
Of disputed origin, with suggestions including Turkic or Mongolic. See Circassians.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t͡ʃerˈkɛs]
Noun
черке́с • (čerkés) m pers (genitive черке́са, nominative plural черке́си, genitive plural черке́сів, female equivalent черке́ска, relational adjective черке́ський)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | черке́с čerkés |
черке́си čerkésy |
| genitive | черке́са čerkésa |
черке́сів čerkésiv |
| dative | черке́сові, черке́су čerkésovi, čerkésu |
черке́сам čerkésam |
| accusative | черке́са čerkésa |
черке́сів čerkésiv |
| instrumental | черке́сом čerkésom |
черке́сами čerkésamy |
| locative | черке́сові, черке́сі čerkésovi, čerkési |
черке́сах čerkésax |
| vocative | черке́се čerkése |
черке́си čerkésy |
References
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “черкес”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka