برج

See also: ترخ, ترح, and ترج

Arabic

Etymology 1

    Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܘܪܓܐ (burgā), from Middle Persian [script needed] (burg), or from Ancient Greek πύργος (púrgos), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (high).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /burd͡ʒ/

    Noun

    بُرْج • (burjm (plural بُرُوج (burūj) or أَبْرَاج (ʔabrāj))

    1. castle
    2. citadel
    3. tower
      بُرْج خَلِيفَةburj ḵalīfaBurj Khalifa (literally, “Khalifa Tower”)
    4. constellation
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:61:
        تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي السَّمَاءِ بُرُوجًا وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا سِرَاجًا وَقَمَرًا مُنِيرًا
        tabāraka llaḏī jaʕala fī s-samāʔi burūjan wajaʕala fīhā sirājan waqamaran munīran
        Blessed is He who has placed in the sky great stars and placed therein a [burning] lamp and luminous moon.
    5. spire
    6. asterism
    7. zodiac
    8. sign of the zodiac
    Declension
    Declension of noun بُرْج (burj)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal بُرْج
    burj
    الْبُرْج
    al-burj
    بُرْج
    burj
    nominative بُرْجٌ
    burjun
    الْبُرْجُ
    al-burju
    بُرْجُ
    burju
    accusative بُرْجًا
    burjan
    الْبُرْجَ
    al-burja
    بُرْجَ
    burja
    genitive بُرْجٍ
    burjin
    الْبُرْجِ
    al-burji
    بُرْجِ
    burji
    dual indefinite definite construct
    informal بُرْجَيْن
    burjayn
    الْبُرْجَيْن
    al-burjayn
    بُرْجَيْ
    burjay
    nominative بُرْجَانِ
    burjāni
    الْبُرْجَانِ
    al-burjāni
    بُرْجَا
    burjā
    accusative بُرْجَيْنِ
    burjayni
    الْبُرْجَيْنِ
    al-burjayni
    بُرْجَيْ
    burjay
    genitive بُرْجَيْنِ
    burjayni
    الْبُرْجَيْنِ
    al-burjayni
    بُرْجَيْ
    burjay
    plural basic broken plural triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal بُرُوج‎; أَبْرَاج
    burūj‎; ʔabrāj
    الْبُرُوج‎; الْأَبْرَاج
    al-burūj‎; al-ʔabrāj
    بُرُوج‎; أَبْرَاج
    burūj‎; ʔabrāj
    nominative بُرُوجٌ‎; أَبْرَاجٌ
    burūjun‎; ʔabrājun
    الْبُرُوجُ‎; الْأَبْرَاجُ
    al-burūju‎; al-ʔabrāju
    بُرُوجُ‎; أَبْرَاجُ
    burūju‎; ʔabrāju
    accusative بُرُوجًا‎; أَبْرَاجًا
    burūjan‎; ʔabrājan
    الْبُرُوجَ‎; الْأَبْرَاجَ
    al-burūja‎; al-ʔabrāja
    بُرُوجَ‎; أَبْرَاجَ
    burūja‎; ʔabrāja
    genitive بُرُوجٍ‎; أَبْرَاجٍ
    burūjin‎; ʔabrājin
    الْبُرُوجِ‎; الْأَبْرَاجِ
    al-burūji‎; al-ʔabrāji
    بُرُوجِ‎; أَبْرَاجِ
    burūji‎; ʔabrāji
    Synonyms
    Descendants
    • Maltese: borġ
    • Azerbaijani: bürc
    • Classical Persian: بُرْج (burj)
    • Georgian: ბურჯი (burǯi)
    • Northern Kurdish: birc
    • Malay: buruj
    • Middle Armenian: պուրճ (purč), պուրջ (purǰ), բուրջ (burǰ)
      • Armenian: բուրջ (burǰ)
    • Ottoman Turkish: برج (burc)

    Etymology 2

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ba.ri.d͡ʒa/

    Verb

    بَرِجَ • (barija) I (non-past يَبْرَجُ (yabraju), verbal noun بَرَج (baraj)) (obsolete)

    1. to be or become apparent, manifest or conspicuous, and high or elevated
    2. to have large, beautiful eyes where the white entirely surrounds the black
    3. to become ample in respect of eating and drinking (of one's condition)
    Conjugation
    Conjugation of بَرِجَ (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun بَرَج)
    verbal noun
    الْمَصْدَر
    بَرَج
    baraj
    active participle
    اِسْم الْفَاعِل
    أَبْرَج
    ʔabraj
    active voice
    الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
    singular
    الْمُفْرَد
    dual
    الْمُثَنَّى
    plural
    الْجَمْع
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    1st person
    الْمُتَكَلِّم
    2nd person
    الْمُخَاطَب
    3rd person
    الْغَائِب
    past (perfect) indicative
    الْمَاضِي
    m بَرِجْتُ
    barijtu
    بَرِجْتَ
    barijta
    بَرِجَ
    barija
    بَرِجْتُمَا
    barijtumā
    بَرِجَا
    barijā
    بَرِجْنَا
    barijnā
    بَرِجْتُمْ
    barijtum
    بَرِجُوا
    barijū
    f بَرِجْتِ
    barijti
    بَرِجَتْ
    barijat
    بَرِجَتَا
    barijatā
    بَرِجْتُنَّ
    barijtunna
    بَرِجْنَ
    barijna
    non-past (imperfect) indicative
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
    m أَبْرَجُ
    ʔabraju
    تَبْرَجُ
    tabraju
    يَبْرَجُ
    yabraju
    تَبْرَجَانِ
    tabrajāni
    يَبْرَجَانِ
    yabrajāni
    نَبْرَجُ
    nabraju
    تَبْرَجُونَ
    tabrajūna
    يَبْرَجُونَ
    yabrajūna
    f تَبْرَجِينَ
    tabrajīna
    تَبْرَجُ
    tabraju
    تَبْرَجَانِ
    tabrajāni
    تَبْرَجْنَ
    tabrajna
    يَبْرَجْنَ
    yabrajna
    subjunctive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
    m أَبْرَجَ
    ʔabraja
    تَبْرَجَ
    tabraja
    يَبْرَجَ
    yabraja
    تَبْرَجَا
    tabrajā
    يَبْرَجَا
    yabrajā
    نَبْرَجَ
    nabraja
    تَبْرَجُوا
    tabrajū
    يَبْرَجُوا
    yabrajū
    f تَبْرَجِي
    tabrajī
    تَبْرَجَ
    tabraja
    تَبْرَجَا
    tabrajā
    تَبْرَجْنَ
    tabrajna
    يَبْرَجْنَ
    yabrajna
    jussive
    الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
    m أَبْرَجْ
    ʔabraj
    تَبْرَجْ
    tabraj
    يَبْرَجْ
    yabraj
    تَبْرَجَا
    tabrajā
    يَبْرَجَا
    yabrajā
    نَبْرَجْ
    nabraj
    تَبْرَجُوا
    tabrajū
    يَبْرَجُوا
    yabrajū
    f تَبْرَجِي
    tabrajī
    تَبْرَجْ
    tabraj
    تَبْرَجَا
    tabrajā
    تَبْرَجْنَ
    tabrajna
    يَبْرَجْنَ
    yabrajna
    imperative
    الْأَمْر
    m اِبْرَجْ
    ibraj
    اِبْرَجَا
    ibrajā
    اِبْرَجُوا
    ibrajū
    f اِبْرَجِي
    ibrajī
    اِبْرَجْنَ
    ibrajna

    Etymology 3

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ba.rad͡ʒ/

    Noun

    بَرَج • (barajm

    1. verbal noun of بَرِجَ (barija) (form I)
    Declension
    Declension of noun بَرَج (baraj)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal بَرَج
    baraj
    الْبَرَج
    al-baraj
    بَرَج
    baraj
    nominative بَرَجٌ
    barajun
    الْبَرَجُ
    al-baraju
    بَرَجُ
    baraju
    accusative بَرَجًا
    barajan
    الْبَرَجَ
    al-baraja
    بَرَجَ
    baraja
    genitive بَرَجٍ
    barajin
    الْبَرَجِ
    al-baraji
    بَرَجِ
    baraji

    References

    • Баранов, Х. К. (2011), “برج”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
    • Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 118
    • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “برج”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 64b
    • Freytag, Georg (1830), “برج”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 103
    • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “برج”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[3] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 105–106
    • Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “برج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 180.
    • Wehr, Hans (1979), “برج”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 63

    Azerbaijani

    Noun

    برج

    1. alternative spelling of بۆرج

    Central Kurdish

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

      Borrowed from Arabic بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܘܪܓܐ.

      Noun

      بِرج (birc)

      1. tower
      2. zodiac

      Ottoman Turkish

      Etymology

        Borrowed from Arabic بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܘܪܓܐ.

        Noun

        برج • (burc) (plural بروج or ابراج)

        1. tower of a castle, bastion
          Synonym: قله (kulle)
        2. (astronomy) constellation of the zodiac
        3. (astrology) zodiac sign

        Descendants

        Further reading

        Pashto

        Etymology

          Borrowed from Classical Persian بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Arabic بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܘܪܓܐ.

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /brad͡ʒ/

          Noun

          برج • (brajm (plural برجونه (brajuna))

          1. tower

          Declension

          Declension of برج
          singular plural
          direct برج (braj) برجونه (brajuna)
          oblique برج (braj) برجونو (brajuno)
          vocative برجه (braja) برجونو (brajuno)

          Persian

          Etymology

            Borrowed from Arabic بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܘܪܓܐ. Doublet of برز (burz / borz).

            Pronunciation

             

            Readings
            Classical reading? burj
            Dari reading? burj
            Iranian reading? borj
            Tajik reading? burj

            Noun

            برج • (burj / borj) (plural برج‌ها (burj-hā / borj-hâ), or بروج (burūj / boruj), Tajik spelling бурҷ)

            1. steeple
            2. tower
              برج آزادیborj-e âzâdiAzadi Tower
            3. pylon
            4. column
            5. peel, keep
            6. fort, castle
            7. pinnacle
            8. dovecote
            9. star
            10. constellation
            11. zodiac
            12. sign of the zodiac

            Derived terms

            • برجی (burjī / borji)

            Descendants

            Punjabi

            Etymology

              Borrowed from Classical Persian بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Arabic بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܘܪܓܐ.

              Noun

              بُرج • (burjm (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੁਰਜ)

              1. bastion
              2. tower
              3. turret
              4. constellation
              5. sign of the zodiac

              South Levantine Arabic

              Root
              ب ر ج
              1 term

              Etymology

              From Arabic بُرْج (burj).

              Pronunciation

              • IPA(key): /burʒ/, [bʊrʒ]
              • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

              Noun

              برج • (burjm (plural أبراج (ʔabrāj))

              1. tower
              2. zodiac sign

              See also

              Zodiac signs in South Levantine Arabic · الأبراج (il-ʔabrāj) (layout · text)

              الحمل (il-ḥamal, Aries)

              التور (it-tōr, Taurus)

              الجوزاء (il-jōzāʔ, Gemini)

              السرطان (is-saraṭān, Cancer)

              الأسد (il-ʔasad, Leo)

              العذراء (il-ʕazrāʔ, Virgo)

              الميزان (il-mīzān, Libra)

              العقرب (il-ʕaqrab, Scorpio)

              القوس (il-qōs, Sagittarius)

              الجدي (il-jadi, Capricorn)

              الدلو (id-dalu, Aquarius)

              الحوت (il-ḥūt, Pisces)

              Urdu

              Etymology

                Borrowed from Classical Persian بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Arabic بُرْج (burj), borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܘܪܓܐ.

                Pronunciation

                Noun

                بُرْج • (burjm (Hindi spelling बुर्ज)

                1. bastion
                2. tower
                3. turret
                4. constellation
                5. sign of the zodiac