برخاستن

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠abarāxistan⁠/, rise up).[1] By surface analysis, برـ (bar-) +‎ خاستن (xāstan / xâstan, rise).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [bäɾ.xɑːs.t̪ʰán]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [bäɾ.xɑːs.t̪ʰán]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [bäɾ.xɔːs.t̪ʰán]

Readings
Classical reading? barxāstan
Dari reading? barxāstan
Iranian reading? barxâstan
Tajik reading? barxostan
  • Homophone: برخواستن (barxwāstan / barxvâstan)

Verb

برخاستن • (barxāstan / barxâstan) (present stem برخیز (barxīz / barxiz), Tajik spelling бархостан)

  1. (literary or dialectal) to stand, to get up (to rise to one's feet)
    Synonym: بر پای خاستن (bar pāy xāstan / bar pây xâstan)
    • c. 1260, Saʿdī, “Ghazal 401”, in دیوان سعدی [The Divān of Saʿdī]‎[1]:
      گفتی به غمم بنشین یا از سر جان برخیز
      فرمان برمت جانا بنشینم و برخیزم
      guftī bi ġam-am binišīn yā az sar-i jān barxēz
      farmān baram-at jān-ā binišīnam u barxēzam
      You said, "Sit down out of grief for me, or get up for the sake of your life [i.e. the beloved]!"
      I obey your command, my life [i.e. my love]! I shall sit down, I shall get up.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  2. to rise, to rise up
    آب‌ها فرو می‌نشینند، موج‌ها برمی‌خیزند.
    âb-hâ foru mi-nešinand, mowj-hâ bar-mi-xizand.
    The waters subside, the waves rise up.
    او از فقر برخاست تا به یک تاجر موفق تبدیل شود.
    u az faqr barxâst tâ be yek tâjer-e movaffaq tabdil šavad.
    He rose from poverty to become a successful businessman.
  3. to cease; to stop; to die down
    • 1258, Shaykh Muṣliḥ-ud-Dīn Saʿdī of Shiraz, translated by Wheeler M. Thackston, The Gulistan (Rose Garden) of Sa’di: Bilingual English and Persian Edition with Vocabulary, Bethesda, MD: Ibex Publishers, published 2008, →ISBN, page 15:
      نزاع برخاست که ده درویش در گلیمی بخسبند و دو پادشاه در اقلیمی نگنجند.
      nizā' barxāst ki dah darwēš dar gilīmē bixusband u du pādišāh dar iqlīmē na-gunjand.
      The quarrel ceased, for ten poor men can sleep in one rug but two kings cannot fit into one clime.
      (Classical Persian romanization)

Derived terms

  • از خواب برخاستن (az xāb barxāstan / az xâb barxâstan)
  • برخاستگی (barxāstigī / barxâstegi)

References

  1. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “abarāxistan”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 1