विशेष्य
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit विशेष्य (viśeṣya).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʋɪ.ʃeːʂ.jᵊ/, [ʋɪ.ʃeːʃ.jᵊ]
- Rhymes: -eːʂjᵊ
- Hyphenation: वि‧शे‧ष्य, वि‧शेष्‧य
Noun
| Examples |
|---|
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In the phrase “the large mansion”, mansion is the विशेष्य (viśeṣya, “modificand”) of the adjective large. |
विशेष्य • (viśeṣya) m
- (grammar) a noun (as being modified by an adjective)
- Coordinate term: विशेषण (viśeṣaṇ, “adjective”)
- 1879, William Hooper, “वाक्यरचन” (chapter 12), in यवन भाषा का व्याकरण [A Grammar of the [Ancient] Greek Language], Allahabad: Mission Press, page 212:
- विशेष्य का जो कारक और वचन और लिङ्ग है वही उस के विशेषण का भी होगा चाहे उस से कितनी ही दूर क्यों न हो यथा λαλεῖτε πάντα τὰ ῥήματα τῆς ζωῆς ταύτης इस जीवन के सब वचन बोलो । यहां ῥήματα और ζωῆς विशेष्य हैं […]
- viśeṣya kā jo kārak aur vacan aur liṅg hai vahī us ke viśeṣaṇ kā bhī hogā cāhe us se kitnī hī dūr kyõ na ho yathā λαλεῖτε πάντα τὰ ῥήματα τῆς ζωῆς ταύτης is jīvan ke sab vacan bolo . yahā̃ ῥήματα aur ζωῆς viśeṣya ha͠i […]
- The case, number, and gender of the noun will also be the same for its adjective, no matter how far apart they may be. For example: λαλεῖτε πάντα τὰ ῥήματα τῆς ζωῆς ταύτης (laleîte pánta tà rhḗmata tês zōês taútēs) — ‘Speak all the words of this life.’ Here, ῥήματα (rhḗmata, “words”) and ζωῆς (zōês, “life”) are the nouns […]
- 1887 November [1871], William Etherington, “वाक्यविन्यास” (chapter 11), in भाषा भास्कर, अर्थात्, हिन्दी भाषा का व्याकरण [Bhāṣā Bhāskar: A Grammar of the Hindi Language Designed for Native Students], Lucknow: Nawal Kishore Press, page 96:
- जब गुणवाचक शब्द अपने विशेष्य के साथ आता है तब उस में न तो कारक न बहुवचन के चिन्ह रहते हैं केवल विशेष्य के आगे आते हैं । जैसे मोटियां रस्सियां मोटियों रस्सियों से ऐसा कहना अशुद्ध है । परंतु विशेष्य बोला न जाय और विशेषण ही दीख पड़े तो कारक के चिन्ह और आदेश भी बने रहते हैं ।
- jab guṇvācak śabd apne viśeṣya ke sāth ātā hai tab us mẽ na to kārak na bahuvacan ke cinha rahte ha͠i keval viśeṣya ke āge āte ha͠i . jaise moṭiyā̃ rassiyā̃ moṭiyõ rassiyõ se aisā kahnā aśuddh hai . parantu viśeṣya bolā na jāy aur viśeṣaṇ hī dīkh paṛe to kārak ke cinha aur ādeś bhī bane rahte ha͠i .
- When an adjective appears with the noun it modifies, it carries neither case markers nor plural markers; they are only carried by the noun. For example, to say “thicks ropes” or “with thicks ropes” is incorrect. However, when the noun is not mentioned and only the adjective appears, the case markers and inflections remain [with the adjective].
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | विशेष्य viśeṣya |
विशेष्य viśeṣya |
| oblique | विशेष्य viśeṣya |
विशेष्यों viśeṣyõ |
| vocative | विशेष्य viśeṣya |
विशेष्यो viśeṣyo |
Related terms
- विशेष्यनिघ्न (viśeṣyanighna)
- विशेष्यता (viśeṣyatā)
References
- Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “विशेष्य”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 716
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “विशेष्य”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 4544
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “विशेष्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 930