ἀποδίδωμι

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ᾰ̓πο- (ăpo-, “from”) +‎ δῐ́δωμῐ (dĭ́dōmĭ, “to give”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.po.dí.dɔː.mi/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.poˈdi.do.mi/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈði.ðo.mi/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈði.ðo.mi/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.poˈði.ðo.mi/

Verb

ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δωμῐ • (ăpodĭ́dōmĭ)

to give up or back, restore, return, to render what is due, pay
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.478
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.387
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Numbers 5.7
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.119
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 7.64
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.136
- 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 270
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.70.5
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.2.10
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.13
- 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 85
- 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Philon 24
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.40
- 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Archidamus 73
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 7.1.30
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.78
- 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 1066
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.63
1. to assign
  - 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 456B
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.1.7
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 3.10.6
  1. to refer to one, as belonging to his department
    - 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 765B
    - 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Against Callimachus 6, (compare Lysias, Against the Corn Dealers 2)
2. to return, render, yield
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.193
  - 342 BCE – 290 BCE, Menander, The Farmer 4
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 2.6.2
  - 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 489
3. to concede, allow, to suffer or allow a person to do
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.144
  - 349 BCE, Demosthenes, Second Olynthiac 30
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aristocrates 56
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 8.7.2
  - 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 54
4. (like ἀποδείκνυμι (apodeíknumi)) to render or make
  - 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, To Demonicus 46
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 2.1.23
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 2.1.8
  1. to exhibit, display
    - 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 109
    - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Poetics 15.11
5. to deliver over, give up
  - 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 239
  - 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, Third Tetralogy 4.11
6. to deliver
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.10
7. to bring to a conclusion, wind it up
  - 396 BCE – 323 BCE, Lycurgus of Athens, Collected Works 149
8. to render, give an account
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aphobus 1 48
  - 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 137
9. to render, give an account, to define, interpret
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.2.5
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Categories 5.9
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 6.16.6
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On the Soul 1.2.14
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On the Soul 1.1.16
10. to attach or append, make dependent upon
  - 10 CE – 70 CE, Hero, Automata 266.17
  - 10 CE – 70 CE, Hero, Automata 249.1
11. to affirm
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Topics 5.1.3
(intransitive) to increase
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.13
1. to return, recur
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 1.18.2
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 7.6.6
2. (in rhetoric and grammar)
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 3.11.13
  - 60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, de Dem. 9
  1. to be construed with, refer to
    - 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 538
(middle voice) to give away of one's own will, to sell
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.70
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.56
- 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 830
- 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 1237
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 98B
- 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Timarchus 96
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.89
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aristogiton 1 47
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 2.3.48
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Leptines 60
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.62

Inflection

Present: ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δωμῐ, ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δωμῐ	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δως	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δωσῐ(ν)	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοτον	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοτον	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δομεν	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοτε	ᾰ̓ποδῐδόᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶ	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῷς	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῷ	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶτον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶτον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶμεν	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶτε	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίην	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίης	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίη	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖτον / ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίητον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίτην / ᾰ̓ποδῐδοιήτην	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖμεν / ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίημεν	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖτε / ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίητε	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖεν / ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίησᾰν
	imperative		ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δου	ᾰ̓ποδῐδότω	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοτον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδότων		ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοτε	ᾰ̓ποδῐδόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δομαι	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοσαι	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοται	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοσθον	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοσθον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδόμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοσθε	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δονται
	subjunctive	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶμαι	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῷ	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶται	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶσθον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶσθον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδώμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶσθε	ᾰ̓ποδῐδῶνται
	optative	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίμην	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖο	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖτο	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖσθον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίσθην	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοίμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖσθε	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῖντο
	imperative		ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοσο	ᾰ̓ποδῐδόσθω	ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοσθον	ᾰ̓ποδῐδόσθων		ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοσθε	ᾰ̓ποδῐδόσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ᾰ̓ποδῐδόναι				ᾰ̓ποδῐ́δοσθαι
participle	m	ᾰ̓ποδῐδούς				ᾰ̓ποδῐδόμενος
	f	ᾰ̓ποδῐδοῦσᾰ				ᾰ̓ποδῐδομένη
	n	ᾰ̓ποδῐδόν				ᾰ̓ποδῐδόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ᾰ̓ποδώσω, ᾰ̓ποδώσομαι, ᾰ̓ποδοθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ᾰ̓ποδώσω	ᾰ̓ποδώσεις	ᾰ̓ποδώσει	ᾰ̓ποδώσετον	ᾰ̓ποδώσετον	ᾰ̓ποδώσομεν	ᾰ̓ποδώσετε	ᾰ̓ποδώσουσῐ(ν)
active	optative	ᾰ̓ποδώσοιμῐ	ᾰ̓ποδώσοις	ᾰ̓ποδώσοι	ᾰ̓ποδώσοιτον	ᾰ̓ποδωσοίτην	ᾰ̓ποδώσοιμεν	ᾰ̓ποδώσοιτε	ᾰ̓ποδώσοιεν
middle	indicative	ᾰ̓ποδώσομαι	ᾰ̓ποδώσῃ / ᾰ̓ποδώσει	ᾰ̓ποδώσεται	ᾰ̓ποδώσεσθον	ᾰ̓ποδώσεσθον	ᾰ̓ποδωσόμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδώσεσθε	ᾰ̓ποδώσονται
middle	optative	ᾰ̓ποδωσοίμην	ᾰ̓ποδώσοιο	ᾰ̓ποδώσοιτο	ᾰ̓ποδώσοισθον	ᾰ̓ποδωσοίσθην	ᾰ̓ποδωσοίμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδώσοισθε	ᾰ̓ποδώσοιντο
passive	indicative	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσομαι	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσῃ	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσεται	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσεσθον	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσεσθον	ᾰ̓ποδοθησόμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσεσθε	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσονται
passive	optative	ᾰ̓ποδοθησοίμην	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσοιο	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσοιτο	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσοισθον	ᾰ̓ποδοθησοίσθην	ᾰ̓ποδοθησοίμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσοισθε	ᾰ̓ποδοθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ᾰ̓ποδώσειν			ᾰ̓ποδώσεσθαι		ᾰ̓ποδοθήσεσθαι
participle	m	ᾰ̓ποδώσων			ᾰ̓ποδωσόμενος		ᾰ̓ποδοθησόμενος
	f	ᾰ̓ποδώσουσᾰ			ᾰ̓ποδωσομένη		ᾰ̓ποδοθησομένη
	n	ᾰ̓ποδῶσον			ᾰ̓ποδωσόμενον		ᾰ̓ποδοθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ᾰ̓πέδοτον, ᾰ̓πεδόμην, ᾰ̓πεδόθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative				ᾰ̓πέδοτον	ᾰ̓πεδότην	ᾰ̓πέδομεν	ᾰ̓πέδοτε	ᾰ̓πέδοσᾰν
	subjunctive	ᾰ̓ποδῶ	ᾰ̓ποδῷς	ᾰ̓ποδῷ	ᾰ̓ποδῶτον	ᾰ̓ποδῶτον	ᾰ̓ποδῶμεν	ᾰ̓ποδῶτε	ᾰ̓ποδῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ᾰ̓ποδοίην	ᾰ̓ποδοίης	ᾰ̓ποδοίη	ᾰ̓ποδοῖτον / ᾰ̓ποδοίητον	ᾰ̓ποδοίτην / ᾰ̓ποδοιήτην	ᾰ̓ποδοῖμεν / ᾰ̓ποδοίημεν	ᾰ̓ποδοῖτε / ᾰ̓ποδοίητε	ᾰ̓ποδοῖεν / ᾰ̓ποδοίησᾰν
	imperative		ᾰ̓πόδος	ᾰ̓ποδότω	ᾰ̓πόδοτον	ᾰ̓ποδότων		ᾰ̓πόδοτε	ᾰ̓ποδόντων
middle	indicative	ᾰ̓πεδόμην	ᾰ̓πέδου	ᾰ̓πέδοτο	ᾰ̓πέδοσθον	ᾰ̓πεδόσθην	ᾰ̓πεδόμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓πέδοσθε	ᾰ̓πέδοντο
	subjunctive	ᾰ̓ποδῶμαι	ᾰ̓ποδῷ	ᾰ̓ποδῶται	ᾰ̓ποδῶσθον	ᾰ̓ποδῶσθον	ᾰ̓ποδώμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδῶσθε	ᾰ̓ποδῶνται
	optative	ᾰ̓ποδοίμην	ᾰ̓ποδοῖο	ᾰ̓ποδοῖτο	ᾰ̓ποδοῖσθον	ᾰ̓ποδοίσθην	ᾰ̓ποδοίμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδοῖσθε	ᾰ̓ποδοῖντο
	imperative		ᾰ̓πόδου	ᾰ̓ποδόσθω	ᾰ̓πόδοσθον	ᾰ̓ποδόσθων		ᾰ̓πόδοσθε	ᾰ̓ποδόσθων
passive	indicative	ᾰ̓πεδόθην	ᾰ̓πεδόθης	ᾰ̓πεδόθη	ᾰ̓πεδόθητον	ᾰ̓πεδοθήτην	ᾰ̓πεδόθημεν	ᾰ̓πεδόθητε	ᾰ̓πεδόθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ᾰ̓ποδοθῶ	ᾰ̓ποδοθῇς	ᾰ̓ποδοθῇ	ᾰ̓ποδοθῆτον	ᾰ̓ποδοθῆτον	ᾰ̓ποδοθῶμεν	ᾰ̓ποδοθῆτε	ᾰ̓ποδοθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ᾰ̓ποδοθείην	ᾰ̓ποδοθείης	ᾰ̓ποδοθείη	ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖτον / ᾰ̓ποδοθείητον	ᾰ̓ποδοθείτην / ᾰ̓ποδοθειήτην	ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖμεν / ᾰ̓ποδοθείημεν	ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖτε / ᾰ̓ποδοθείητε	ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖεν / ᾰ̓ποδοθείησᾰν
	imperative		ᾰ̓ποδόθηθῐ	ᾰ̓ποδοθήτω	ᾰ̓ποδόθητον	ᾰ̓ποδοθήτων		ᾰ̓ποδόθητε	ᾰ̓ποδοθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ᾰ̓ποδοῦναι			ᾰ̓ποδόσθαι		ᾰ̓ποδοθῆναι
participle	m	ᾰ̓ποδούς			ᾰ̓ποδόμενος		ᾰ̓ποδοθείς
	f	ᾰ̓ποδοῦσᾰ			ᾰ̓ποδομένη		ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖσᾰ
	n	ᾰ̓ποδόν			ᾰ̓ποδόμενον		ᾰ̓ποδοθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Related terms

ᾰ̓πόδοσῐς (ăpódosĭs)
δόσῐς (dósĭs)

References

“ἀποδίδωμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἀποδίδωμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἀποδίδωμι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἀποδίδωμι in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἀποδίδωμι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἀποδίδωμι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
“ἀποδίδωμι”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G591 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
ἀποδίδωμι in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007), Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften