ἵζω
See also: -ίζω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *hízdō, from Proto-Indo-European *sísdeti, reduplicated imperfective form of Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“sit”). Cognates include Sanskrit सीदति (sī́dati), Latin sīdō and Umbrian 𐌔𐌉𐌔𐌈𐌖 (sisθu). Compare ἕζομαι (hézomai).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /híz.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)i.zo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈi.zo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈi.zo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈi.zo/
Verb
ῐ̔́ζω • (hĭ́zō)
- (transitive) to cause to sit, seat, place
- (transitive, 1st aorist) to set up
- (intransitive) to sit, sit down
- (intransitive) to sit still, be quiet
- (intransitive) to sink
- (intransitive) to settle down
Usage notes
From an unattested active present *ἕζω (passive ἕζομαι (hézomai)), the following forms seem to be produced:
- εἷσᾰ (heîsă)
- εἱσᾰ́μην (heisắmēn, middle aorist)
- εἵσομαι (heísomai, middle future)
- εἷμαι (heîmai, passive perfect)
Inflection
Present: ῐ̔́ζω, ῐ̔́ζομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ῐ̔́ζω | ῐ̔́ζεις | ῐ̔́ζει | ῐ̔́ζετον | ῐ̔́ζετον | ῐ̔́ζομεν | ῐ̔́ζετε | ῐ̔́ζουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | ῐ̔́ζω | ῐ̔́ζῃς | ῐ̔́ζῃ | ῐ̔́ζητον | ῐ̔́ζητον | ῐ̔́ζωμεν | ῐ̔́ζητε | ῐ̔́ζωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ῐ̔́ζοιμῐ | ῐ̔́ζοις | ῐ̔́ζοι | ῐ̔́ζοιτον | ῐ̔ζοίτην | ῐ̔́ζοιμεν | ῐ̔́ζοιτε | ῐ̔́ζοιεν | |||||
| imperative | ῐ̔́ζε | ῐ̔ζέτω | ῐ̔́ζετον | ῐ̔ζέτων | ῐ̔́ζετε | ῐ̔ζόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ῐ̔́ζομαι | ῐ̔́ζῃ / ῐ̔́ζει | ῐ̔́ζεται | ῐ̔́ζεσθον | ῐ̔́ζεσθον | ῐ̔ζόμεθᾰ | ῐ̔́ζεσθε | ῐ̔́ζονται | ||||
| subjunctive | ῐ̔́ζωμαι | ῐ̔́ζῃ | ῐ̔́ζηται | ῐ̔́ζησθον | ῐ̔́ζησθον | ῐ̔ζώμεθᾰ | ῐ̔́ζησθε | ῐ̔́ζωνται | |||||
| optative | ῐ̔ζοίμην | ῐ̔́ζοιο | ῐ̔́ζοιτο | ῐ̔́ζοισθον | ῐ̔ζοίσθην | ῐ̔ζοίμεθᾰ | ῐ̔́ζοισθε | ῐ̔́ζοιντο | |||||
| imperative | ῐ̔́ζου | ῐ̔ζέσθω | ῐ̔́ζεσθον | ῐ̔ζέσθων | ῐ̔́ζεσθε | ῐ̔ζέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ῐ̔́ζειν | ῐ̔́ζεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ῐ̔́ζων | ῐ̔ζόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | ῐ̔́ζουσᾰ | ῐ̔ζομένη | |||||||||||
| n | ῐ̔́ζον | ῐ̔ζόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἷζον, ῑ̔ζόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἷζον | ἷζες | ἷζε(ν) | ῑ̔́ζετον | ῑ̔ζέτην | ῑ̔́ζομεν | ῑ̔́ζετε | ἷζον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ῑ̔ζόμην | ῑ̔́ζου | ῑ̔́ζετο | ῑ̔́ζεσθον | ῑ̔ζέσθην | ῑ̔ζόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ζεσθε | ῑ̔́ζοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ῑ̔́ζεσκον | ῑ̔́ζεσκες | ῑ̔́ζεσκε(ν) | ῑ̔ζέσκετον | ῑ̔ζεσκέτην | ῑ̔ζέσκομεν | ῑ̔ζέσκετε | ῑ̔́ζεσκον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ῑ̔ζεσκόμην | ῑ̔ζέσκου | ῑ̔ζέσκετο | ῑ̔ζέσκεσθον | ῑ̔ζεσκέσθην | ῑ̔ζεσκόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔ζέσκεσθε | ῑ̔ζέσκοντο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: εἷσᾰ, εἱσᾰ́μην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | εἷσᾰ | εἷσᾰς | εἷσε(ν) | εἵσᾰτον | εἱσᾰ́την | εἵσᾰμεν | εἵσᾰτε | εἷσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | εἵσω | εἵσῃς | εἵσῃ | εἵσητον | εἵσητον | εἵσωμεν | εἵσητε | εἵσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | εἵσαιμῐ | εἵσειᾰς / εἵσαις | εἵσειε(ν) / εἵσαι | εἵσαιτον | εἱσαίτην | εἵσαιμεν | εἵσαιτε | εἵσειᾰν / εἵσαιεν | |||||
| imperative | εἷσον | εἱσᾰ́τω | εἵσᾰτον | εἱσᾰ́των | εἵσᾰτε | εἱσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | εἱσᾰ́μην | εἵσω | εἵσᾰτο | εἵσᾰσθον | εἱσᾰ́σθην | εἱσᾰ́μεθᾰ | εἵσᾰσθε | εἵσᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | εἵσωμαι | εἵσῃ | εἵσηται | εἵσησθον | εἵσησθον | εἱσώμεθᾰ | εἵσησθε | εἵσωνται | |||||
| optative | εἱσαίμην | εἵσαιο | εἵσαιτο | εἵσαισθον | εἱσαίσθην | εἱσαίμεθᾰ | εἵσαισθε | εἵσαιντο | |||||
| imperative | εἷσαι | εἱσᾰ́σθω | εἵσᾰσθον | εἱσᾰ́σθων | εἵσᾰσθε | εἱσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | εἷσαι | εἵσᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | εἵσᾱς | εἱσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
| f | εἵσᾱσᾰ | εἱσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
| n | εἷσᾰν | εἱσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | indicative | ῑ̔́ζησᾰ | ῑ̔́ζησᾰς | ῑ̔́ζησε(ν) | ῑ̔ζήσᾰτον | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́την | ῑ̔ζήσᾰμεν | ῑ̔ζήσᾰτε | ῑ̔́ζησᾰν |
| subjunctive | ῑ̔ζήσω | ῑ̔ζήσῃς | ῑ̔ζήσῃ | ῑ̔ζήσητον | ῑ̔ζήσητον | ῑ̔ζήσωμεν | ῑ̔ζήσητε | ῑ̔ζήσωσῐ(ν) | |
| optative | ῑ̔ζήσαιμῐ | ῑ̔ζήσειᾰς / ῑ̔ζήσαις | ῑ̔ζήσειε(ν) / ῑ̔ζήσαι | ῑ̔ζήσαιτον | ῑ̔ζησαίτην | ῑ̔ζήσαιμεν | ῑ̔ζήσαιτε | ῑ̔ζήσειᾰν / ῑ̔ζήσαιεν | |
| imperative | ῑ̔́ζησον | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́τω | ῑ̔ζήσᾰτον | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́των | ῑ̔ζήσᾰτε | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́ντων | |||
| middle | indicative | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́μην | ῑ̔ζήσω | ῑ̔ζήσᾰτο | ῑ̔ζήσᾰσθον | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́σθην | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́μεθᾰ | ῑ̔ζήσᾰσθε | ῑ̔ζήσᾰντο |
| subjunctive | ῑ̔ζήσωμαι | ῑ̔ζήσῃ | ῑ̔ζήσηται | ῑ̔ζήσησθον | ῑ̔ζήσησθον | ῑ̔ζησώμεθᾰ | ῑ̔ζήσησθε | ῑ̔ζήσωνται | |
| optative | ῑ̔ζησαίμην | ῑ̔ζήσαιο | ῑ̔ζήσαιτο | ῑ̔ζήσαισθον | ῑ̔ζησαίσθην | ῑ̔ζησαίμεθᾰ | ῑ̔ζήσαισθε | ῑ̔ζήσαιντο | |
| imperative | ῑ̔́ζησαι | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́σθω | ῑ̔ζήσᾰσθον | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́σθων | ῑ̔ζήσᾰσθε | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́σθων | |||
| active | middle | ||||||||
| infinitive | ῑ̔ζῆσαι | ῑ̔ζήσᾰσθαι | |||||||
| participle | m | ῑ̔ζήσᾱς | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́μενος | ||||||
| f | ῑ̔ζήσᾱσᾰ | ῑ̔ζησᾰμένη | |||||||
| n | ῑ̔ζῆσᾰν | ῑ̔ζησᾰ́μενον | |||||||
Perfect: ῑ̔́ζηκᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ῑ̔́ζηκᾰ | ῑ̔́ζηκᾰς | ῑ̔́ζηκε(ν) | ῑ̔ζήκᾰτον | ῑ̔ζήκᾰτον | ῑ̔ζήκᾰμεν | ῑ̔ζήκᾰτε | ῑ̔ζήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | ῑ̔ζήκω | ῑ̔ζήκῃς | ῑ̔ζήκῃ | ῑ̔ζήκητον | ῑ̔ζήκητον | ῑ̔ζήκωμεν | ῑ̔ζήκητε | ῑ̔ζήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ῑ̔ζήκοιμῐ / ῑ̔ζηκοίην | ῑ̔ζήκοις / ῑ̔ζηκοίης | ῑ̔ζήκοι / ῑ̔ζηκοίη | ῑ̔ζήκοιτον | ῑ̔ζηκοίτην | ῑ̔ζήκοιμεν | ῑ̔ζήκοιτε | ῑ̔ζήκοιεν | |||||
| imperative | ῑ̔́ζηκε | ῑ̔ζηκέτω | ῑ̔ζήκετον | ῑ̔ζηκέτων | ῑ̔ζήκετε | ῑ̔ζηκόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ῑ̔ζηκέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ῑ̔ζηκώς | |||||||||||
| f | ῑ̔ζηκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ῑ̔ζηκός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Synonyms
- κᾰθῐ́ζω (kăthĭ́zō)
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- “ἵζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἵζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἵζω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἵζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἵζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ἵζω”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN