ながら

Japanese

Alternative spelling
乍ら

Etymology

From Old Japanese, cited in the Man'yōshū poetry anthology of 759.[1] In turn, analyzable as a compound of な (na, ancient genitive / possessive particle, apophonic form of particle の (no)) +‎ 柄 (kara, “character, quality”).[2][3][4][5]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [na̠ɡa̠ɾa̠]
  • In Tokyo speech, the verb construction can be either always accented, or non-accented if the suffixed verb is non-accented. The accent falls on the な (na) mora.[6]

Particle

ながら • (-nagara) 

  1. while, during, while doing (verb)
    お茶(ちゃ)を飲(の)みながら話(はな)しましょう。
    Ocha o nominagara hanashimashō.
    Let's talk over tea.
    (literally, “Let's talk while drinking tea.”)
    歩(ある)きながら話(はな)しましょうか。
    Arukinagara hanashimashō ka.
    Shall we talk and walk?
    (literally, “Shall we talk while walking?”)
  2. though, notwithstanding
  3. both (doing verb)

Usage notes

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ “乍がら”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002), 明鏡国語辞典 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
  6. ^ Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
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