學問

See also: 学问 and 学問

Chinese

		learn; study; science learn; study; science; ‑ology	to ask
trad. (學問)		學	問
simp. (学问)		学	问

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xuéwèn

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄣˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hok⁶ man⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hok⁵ mun⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ho̍k-mun

(Hailu, HRS): hog^ˋ mun^ˇ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hah⁷ mong⁵ / hah⁷ muong⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ha̍k-būn

(Teochew, Peng'im): hag⁸ mung⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xuéwèn → xuéwen (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄣˋ → ㄒㄩㄝˊ ˙ㄨㄣ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syuéwůn
  - Wade–Giles: hsüeh²-wên⁵
  - Yale: sywé-wen
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyue.wenn
  - Palladius: сюэвэнь (sjuevɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wən⁵¹/ → /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wən³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)⁺
  - Jyutping: hok⁶ man⁶
  - Yale: hohk mahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hok⁹ man⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: hog⁶ men⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːk̚² mɐn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hok⁵ mun⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔk̚³² ᵐbun³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ho̍k-mun
  - Hakka Romanization System: hog mun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hog⁶ mun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /hok̚⁵ mun⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: hog^ˋ mun^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /hok² mun¹¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hah⁷ mong⁵ [Phonetic: hah⁴ mong⁵]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ha̍h-meōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ⁴⁻⁴² mɔŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hah⁷ muong⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ⁴ muoŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍k-būn
  - Tâi-lô: ha̍k-būn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hagbun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hak̚²⁴⁻² bun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ bun²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hag⁸ mung⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ha̍k mūng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hak̚⁴⁻² muŋ¹¹/

Middle Chinese: haewk mjunH

Rime
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	胡覺切	亡運切
Baxter	haewk	mjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠʌk̚/	/mɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚɔk̚/	/miun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɔk̚/	/miuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨwk̚/	/mun^H/
Li Rong	/ɣɔk̚/	/miuən^H/
Wang Li	/ɣɔk̚/	/mĭuən^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣɔk̚/	/mi̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xué	wèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hok⁶	man⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-kˤruk C.mu[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡruːɡ mɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xué	wèn
Middle Chinese	‹ hæwk ›	‹ mjun^H ›
Old Chinese	/*m-kˁruk/	/*C.mu[n]-s/
English	study; imitate	ask
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14079	8967
Phonetic component	學	門
Rime group	覺	文
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	學	問
Old Chinese	/*ɡruːɡ/	/*mɯns/
Notes	甲文象習持爻於膝前，金文方加子

Noun

學問

academic discipline; branch of knowledge (Classifier: 門／门)
死亡學是一門新興的學問。 [MSC, trad.]
死亡学是一门新兴的学问。 [MSC, simp.]
Sǐwángxué shì yī mén xīnxìng de xuéwèn. [Pinyin]
Thanatology is a new branch of knowledge.
learning; knowledge; wisdom; erudition; scholarship
做學問／做学问 ― zuòxuéwèn ― to do scholarly research; to pursue scholarship

賣弄學問／卖弄学问 ― màinòng xuéwèn ― to show off one's knowledge

蘊含博大精深的學問 [MSC, trad.]
蕴含博大精深的学问 [MSC, simp.]
yùnhán bódàjīngshēn de xuéwèn [Pinyin]
to contain profound wisdom
- 種植牛油果看似簡單，但背後學問多得很。 [MSC, trad.]
  种植牛油果看似简单，但背后学问多得很。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 杨文明 (8 January 2018), “云南孟连土地这样流转”, in People's Daily (in Chinese), page 10
  Zhǒngzhí niúyóuguǒ kànsì jiǎndān, dàn bèihòu xuéwèn duō de hěn. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)