小便

Chinese

		small; tiny; few small; tiny; few; young	advantageous; cheap; ordinary advantageous; cheap; ordinary; plain; convenient; handy; easy; then; so; thus; to relieve oneself
simp. and trad. (小便)		小	便

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiǎobiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄅㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): siu² bin⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiau² ben⁵
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): xiau³ piên⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siáu-piān / sió-piān
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁵shiau-bi / ³siau-bie₆

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiǎobiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄅㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siǎobiàn
  - Wade–Giles: hsiao³-pien⁴
  - Yale: syǎu-byàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheaubiann
  - Palladius: сяобянь (sjaobjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)⁺
  - Jyutping: siu² bin⁶
  - Yale: síu bihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: siu² bin⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xiu² bin⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯³⁵ piːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhiau² ben⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiau⁵⁵ pen³²/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiau³ piên⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕiau³¹ pʰiɛn⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siáu-piān
  - Tâi-lô: siáu-piān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaw'pien
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ piɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɛn²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sió-piān
  - Tâi-lô: sió-piān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioy'pien
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ piɛn³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sio⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɛn³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵shiau-bi
  - MiniDict: shiau^去 bi
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²xiau-bi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɔ³³ bi⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ³siau-bie₆
  - MiniDict: siau^上 bie^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /siæ⁵² bɪ¹¹/

Verb

小便

to urinate; to pass water
小便頻數／小便频数 ― xiǎobiàn pínshuò ― to have urinary frequency
- 縣吏尹世苦四支煩，口中乾，不欲聞人聲，小便不利。佗曰：“試作熱食，得汗則愈；不汗，後三日死。” [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  县吏尹世苦四支烦，口中干，不欲闻人声，小便不利。佗曰：“试作热食，得汗则愈；不汗，后三日死。” [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: Chen Shou, Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3^rd century CE
  Xiànlì Yǐn Shì kǔ sìzhī fán, kǒuzhōng qián, bù yù wén rénshēng, xiǎobiàn bùlì. Tuó yuē: “Shì zuò rèshí, dé hàn zé yù; bù hàn, hòu sānrì sǐ.” [Pinyin]
  Yin Shi, a county officer, suffered from exhaustive weakness in his four limbs, had difficulty urinating, and also experienced excessive thirst. He couldn't even stand the sounds of human voices. Hua Tuo said to him, "Try to have some hot food. If it makes you sweat, you have the hope of recuperation, but if not, you'll die in three days."

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 撒尿 (“to urinate”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		溺, 旋, 小遺
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		小便, 小解, 泌尿, 排尿, 尿
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	撒尿, 尿尿, 解小手兒
	Taiwan	撒尿, 小便, 尿尿, 上一號, 上小號
	Harbin	小便, 尿尿, 解小手兒, 放水
	Malaysia	尿, 小便 childish
	Singapore	小便
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	解小手兒
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	尿尿, 解小手, 小便
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	尿尿
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	小便, 尿尿, 解小手兒, 放水
	Wanrong	尿尿
	Xi'an	尿尿
	Xining	解小手, 解手, 尿尿, 消水, 小便
	Xuzhou	尿尿, 解小手, 小解, 小便
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	尿尿, 解手
	Lanzhou	尿尿, 消水
	Ürümqi	尿尿, 小便, 解小手
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	屙尿, 解小手
	Wuhan	屙尿, 解小手, 打岔, 打小岔
	Guiyang	屙尿, 解小手, 解小便, 解手, 放水
	Kunming	解小手, 撒尿
	Liuzhou	屙尿, 解小手, 解小便, 射尿
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	撒尿
	Yangzhou	尿尿, 出小恭, 解手, 方便, 小便
	Nantong	拆尿, 尿尿
	Hefei	撒尿, 尿尿
Cantonese	Guangzhou	屙尿, 小便, 放輕 slang, 放水 slang, 放低二兩 slang
	Hong Kong	屙尿, 小便, 𭉝𭉝 childish, 屙𭉝𭉝 childish, 屙wee wee childish, 放水 slang, 放低二兩 slang, 揸水 slang, 交水費 slang, 擺柳 slang
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	屙尿
	Macau	屙尿, 小便
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	屙尿
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	屙尿
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	屙尿
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	屙尿
	Foshan	屙尿
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	屙尿
	Foshan (Shunde)	屙尿
	Foshan (Sanshui)	屙尿
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	屙尿
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	屙尿
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	屙尿
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	屙尿
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	屙尿
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	屙尿
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	屙尿
	Taishan	屙尿
	Kaiping (Chikan)	屙尿, 放二兩
	Enping (Niujiang)	屙尿
	Heshan (Yayao)	屙尿
	Dongguan	屙尿
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	屙尿
	Yangjiang	屙尿
	Zhanjiang	擺柳
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	屙尿
	Singapore (Guangfu)	屙尿, 𭉝𭉝 childish
Gan	Nanchang	屙尿, 解小手
	Lichuan	屙尿
	Pingxiang	屙尿, 解小手
Hakka	Meixian	屙尿
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	屙尿, 屙注 childish
	Changting	屙尿
	Yudu	屙尿
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	屙尿
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	屙尿
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	屙尿
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	屙尿
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	屙尿
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	屙尿
	Senai (Huiyang)	屙尿
	Kuching (Hepo)	屙尿
Huizhou	Jixi	屙尿
Jin	Taiyuan	尿尿
Northern Min	Jian'ou	𱚺尿
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	拉尿, 小解
Southern Min	Xiamen	放尿, 濺尿
	Quanzhou	放尿, 濺尿
	Jinjiang	放尿
	Zhangzhou	放尿, 濺尿
	Zhao'an	放尿
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	放尿
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	放尿
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	放尿
	Yilan (Toucheng)	放尿
	Penghu (Xiyu)	放尿
	Penang (Hokkien)	放尿
	Singapore (Hokkien)	放尿, 濺尿
	Manila (Hokkien)	放尿, 小便
	Chaozhou	放尿
	Shantou	放尿
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	放尿
	Jieyang	放尿
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	放尿
	Singapore (Teochew)	放尿
	Pontianak (Teochew)	放尿
	Leizhou	放尿
	Wenchang	放尿
	Haikou	放尿
	Singapore (Hainanese)	放尿
Puxian Min	Putian	拉尿
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	拉尿
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	拉尿
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	拉尿
	Xianyou	拉尿
	Xianyou (Fengting)	拉尿
	Xianyou (Youyang)	拉尿
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	拉尿
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	屙尿
Wu	Shanghai	拆尿, 惹尿, 小便, 小解, 解小溲, 交水費, 唱歌 humorous, 噓噓 childish, 拆尿尿 childish, 惹尿尿 childish, 小溲 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	射尿
	Suzhou	拆尿, 惹尿
	Wuxi	惹尿
	Danyang	渣尿
	Hangzhou	惹尿
	Ningbo	惹尿
	Wenzhou	拉尿
	Jinhua	射尿, 泡尿, 放尿
Xiang	Changsha	屙尿, 解小手
	Loudi	屙尿, 射尿, 解小手, 屙稀稀 childish
	Shuangfeng	屙尿

Noun

小便

urine; piss; pee (Classifier: 泡 m; 脬 m)
(rare, euphemistic) external genitalia

Synonyms

尿 (niào)
(Wu, dated) 小溲

Derived terms

小便器 (xiǎobiànqì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (小便):

→ Japanese: 小便(しょうべん) (shōben)
→ Korean: 소변(小便) (sobyeon)
→ Vietnamese: tiểu tiện (小便)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
小	便
しょう Grade: 1	べん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Etymology

Pronunciation しょんべん (shonben) originated from Gunma dialect.

Noun

小(しょう)便(べん) or 小便(しょんべん) • (shōben or shonben)

(colloquial) urine, piss, pee

Verb

小(しょう)便(べん)する or 小便(しょんべん)する • (shōben suru or shonben suru) suru (stem 小(しょう)便(べん)し (shōben shi), past 小(しょう)便(べん)した (shōben shita))

to urinate

Usage notes

shōben is used more commonly than shonben.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "小便する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	小便し	しょうべんし	shōben shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	小便し	しょうべんし	shōben shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	小便する	しょうべんする	shōben suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	小便する	しょうべんする	shōben suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	小便すれ	しょうべんすれ	shōben sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	小便せよ¹ 小便しろ²	しょうべんせよ¹ しょうべんしろ²	shōben seyo¹ shōben shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	小便される	しょうべんされる	shōben sareru
Causative	小便させる小便さす	しょうべんさせるしょうべんさす	shōben saseru shōben sasu
Potential	小便できる	しょうべんできる	shōben dekiru
Volitional	小便しよう	しょうべんしよう	shōben shiyō
Negative	小便しない	しょうべんしない	shōben shinai
Negative continuative	小便せず	しょうべんせず	shōben sezu
Formal	小便します	しょうべんします	shōben shimasu
Perfective	小便した	しょうべんした	shōben shita
Conjunctive	小便して	しょうべんして	shōben shite
Hypothetical conditional	小便すれば	しょうべんすれば	shōben sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Derived terms

小(しょう)便(べん)器(き) (shōbenki, “urinal”)
小(しょう)便(べん)所(じょ) (shōbenjo, “urinal”)
小(しょう)便(べん)小(こ)僧(ぞう) (shōben kozō, “pool cupids”)
小(しょう)便(べん)を漏(も)らす (shōben o morasu, “to wet one's pants”)
立(た)ち小(しょう)便(べん) (tachi shōben, “urinating outdoors”)
大(だい)小(しょう)便(べん) (daishōben, “feces and urine”)
連(つれ)小(しょう)便(べん) (tsureshōben, “urinating together”)
連(つ)れ小(しょう)便(べん) (tsureshōben, “urinating together”)
寝(ね)小(しょう)便(べん) (neshōben, “bed-wetting”)
蛙(かえる)の面(つら)に小(しょう)便(べん) (kaeru no tsura ni shōben)

Korean

Hanja in this term
小	便

Noun

小便 • (sobyeon) (hangeul 소변)

hanja form^? of 소변 (“urine, piss, pee”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
小	便

Verb

小便

chữ Hán form of tiểu tiện (“to urinate”)

小便

Chinese

Pronunciation

Verb

Synonyms

See also

Noun

Synonyms

See also

Derived terms

Descendants

Japanese

Etymology

Noun

See also

Verb

Usage notes

Conjugation

Derived terms

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Verb