憲章

See also: 宪章

Chinese

		statute; constitution	chapter; seal; section
trad. (憲章)		憲	章
simp. (宪章)		宪	章

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiànzhāng

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hin³ zoeng¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiàn-chiong / hiàn-chiang

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiànzhāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siànjhang
  - Wade–Giles: hsien⁴-chang¹
  - Yale: syàn-jāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiannjang
  - Palladius: сяньчжан (sjanʹčžan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)⁺
  - Jyutping: hin³ zoeng¹
  - Yale: hin jēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hin³ dzoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hin³ zêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːn³³ t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiàn-chiong
  - Tâi-lô: hiàn-tsiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiernciofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiàn-chiang
  - Tâi-lô: hiàn-tsiang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiernciafng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siaŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: xjonH tsyang

Rime
Character	憲	章
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	元 (65)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	許建切	諸良切
Baxter	xjonH	tsyang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨɐn^H/	/t͡ɕɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/hiɐn^H/	/t͡ɕiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/xiɐn^H/	/t͡ɕiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨan^H/	/cɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/xiɐn^H/	/t͡ɕiaŋ/
Wang Li	/xĭɐn^H/	/t͡ɕĭaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xɨ̯ɐn^H/	/t͡ɕi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn	zhāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hin³	zoeng¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰar taŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*hŋans kjaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	憲	章
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn	zhāng
Middle Chinese	‹ xjon^H ›	‹ tsyang ›
Old Chinese	/qʰar/ (~ qʰar-s)	/*taŋ/
English	law; model; rule	brilliant; distinctive mark; to display
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憲	章
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4849	16817
Phonetic component	害	章
Rime group	元	陽
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	獻	章
Old Chinese	/*hŋans/	/*kjaŋ/

Noun

憲章

charter (document)
聯合國憲章 [MSC, trad.]
联合国宪章 [MSC, simp.]
Liánhéguó Xiànzhāng [Pinyin]
Charter of the United Nations
(literary, historical) ancient laws and regulations

Synonyms

(charter): 章程 (zhāngchéng)
(ancient laws and regulations): 典章制度 (diǎnzhāng zhìdù), 典制 (diǎnzhì)

Derived terms

大憲章 / 大宪章 (Dà Xiànzhāng)

Verb

憲章

(literary) to follow the example of; to take as one's model; to pattern after; to imitate
- 仲尼祖述堯舜，憲章文武，上律天時，下襲水土。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  仲尼祖述尧舜，宪章文武，上律天时，下袭水土。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Zhòngní zǔshù Yáo-Shùn, xiànzhāng Wén-Wǔ, shàng lǜ tiānshí, xià xí shuǐtǔ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

edit

仿效 (fǎngxiào)
仿照 (fǎngzhào)
仿行 (fǎngxíng)
取法 (qǔfǎ)
宗法 (zōngfǎ)
師匠 / 师匠 (shījiàng) (literary)
師法 / 师法 (shīfǎ) (literary)
憲法 / 宪法 (xiànfǎ) (Classical Chinese)
效仿 (xiàofǎng)
效尤 (xiàoyóu) (literary, to mimic wrongdoing)
效法 (xiàofǎ)
模仿 (mófǎng)
模效 (móxiào)
步武 (bùwǔ) (literary)
法象 (fǎxiàng) (archaic)
視 / 视 (shì) (archaic)
範圍 / 范围 (fànwéi) (Classical Chinese)
觀象 / 观象 (guānxiàng) (literary)
遵法 (zūnfǎ) (literary)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
憲	章
けん Grade: 6	しょう Grade: 3
kan'on	on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けんしょー [kèńshóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [kẽ̞ɰ̃ɕo̞ː]

Noun

憲(けん)章(しょう) • (kenshō) ^{←けんしやう (kensyau)^?}

charter

Derived terms

国(こく)連(れん)憲(けん)章(しょう) (kokuren kenshō)
児(じ)童(どう)憲(けん)章(しょう) (jidō kenshō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
憲	章
のり Grade: 6	あき Grade: 3
nanori

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) のりあき [nòríꜜàkì] (Nakadaka – [2])
IPA^(key): [no̞ɾʲia̠kʲi]

Proper noun

憲(のり)章(あき) • (Noriaki)

a male given name

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“憲章”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja in this term
憲	章

Noun

憲章 • (heonjang) (hangeul 헌장)

hanja form^? of 헌장 (“charter”)

[SMK7-1] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]