約定俗成

See also: 约定俗成

Chinese

to agree on custom; practice; habit to form
trad. (約定俗成) 約定
simp. (约定俗成) 约定

Etymology

From Xunzi:

約定俗成異於不宜約定俗成實名 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
约定俗成异于不宜约定俗成实名 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
Míng wú gù yí, yuē zhī yǐ mìng, yuē dìng sú chéng wèi zhī yí, yìyú yuē zé wèi zhī bùyí. Míng wú gù shí, yuē zhī yǐ mìng shí, yuēdìngsúchéng wèi zhī shímíng. [Pinyin]
Names have no intrinsic appropriateness. They are bound to something by agreement in order to name it. The agreement becomes fixed, the custom is established, and it is called “appropriate.” If a name differs from the agreed name, it is then called “inappropriate.” Names have no intrinsic object. They are bound to some reality by agreement in order to name that object. The agreement becomes fixed, the custom is established, and it becomes the name of that object.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/2 1/1 1/1
Initial () (34) (7) (17) (25)
Final () (91) (125) (8) (121)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H) Checked (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Open
Division () III IV III III
Fanqie
Baxter 'jiewH dengH zjowk dzyeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔiᴇuH/ /deŋH/ /zɨok̚/ /d͡ʑiᴇŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔiɛuH/ /deŋH/ /ziok̚/ /d͡ʑiɛŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔjæuH/ /dɛŋH/ /ziok̚/ /d͡ʑiæŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔiawH/ /dɛjŋH/ /zuawk̚/ /d͡ʑiajŋ/
Li
Rong
/ʔiɛuH/ /deŋH/ /ziok̚/ /ʑiɛŋ/
Wang
Li
/ĭɛuH/ /dieŋH/ /zĭwok̚/ /ʑĭɛŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯ɛuH/ /dʱieŋH/ /zi̯wok̚/ /ʑi̯ɛŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yào dìng chéng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jiu3 ding6 zuk6 sing4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/3 1/1 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yào dìng chéng
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjiewH › ‹ dengH › ‹ zjowk › ‹ dzyeng ›
Old
Chinese
/*[q]ewk-s/ /*N-tˁeŋ-s/ /*s-[ɢ]ok/ /*[d]eŋ/
English bond, agreement (n.) become fixed; settled (v.i.) ways, customs; vulgar to become (v.i.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1 1/1
No. 11181 17187 4302 1417
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔlewɢs/ /*deːŋs/ /*ljoɡ/ /*djeŋ/
Notes

Idiom

約定俗成

  1. conventional; customary; socially fixed; having an unwritten law
    元宵節花燈約定俗成習俗 [MSC, trad.]
    元宵节花灯约定俗成习俗 [MSC, simp.]
    Yuánxiāojié shǎng huādēng shì yuēdìngsúchéng de xísú. [Pinyin]
    It is customary to put up lanterns during the Lantern Festival.