菻

See also: 麻 and 𦱍

菻	U+83FB, 菻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83FB

← 菺
[U+83FA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

菼 →
[U+83FC]

Translingual

Alternative forms

A similar character, 𦱍 (⿱艹𣏟) can be found in the historical Jiyun dictionary.
- In mainland China, this form has been unified with ⿱艹林 due to the Xin Zixing standardization of characters. (𣏟 → 林)

Han character

菻 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 12 strokes in traditional Chinese, 11 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿木木 (TDD), four-corner 4499₄, composition ⿱艹林)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1040, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31238
Dae Jaweon: page 1499, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3230, character 3
Unihan data for U+83FB

Chinese

trad.		菻
simp. ^#		菻
alternative forms		𦾰

Etymology 1

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (林) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
婪	*ɡ·ruːm
惏	*ɡ·ruːm
啉	*ɡ·ruːm
漤	*ɡ·ruːmʔ
醂	*ɡ·ruːmʔ
林	*ɡ·rɯm
琳	*ɡ·rɯm
淋	ɡ·rɯm, ɡ·rɯms
痳	*ɡ·rɯm
箖	*ɡ·rɯm
霖	*ɡ·rɯm
菻	ɡ·rɯmʔ, ɡ·rɯms
罧	slɯmʔ, srɯms
棽	r̥ʰɯm, srɯm
綝	*r̥ʰɯm
郴	*r̥ʰɯm
禁	krɯm, krɯms
襟	*krɯm
僸	krɯms, ŋɡrɯmʔ
澿	*ɡrɯm
噤	ɡrɯmʔ, ɡrɯms
凚	ɡrɯmʔ, ɡrɯms
齽	*ɡrɯms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡ·rɯmʔ, *ɡ·rɯms): semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 林 (OC *ɡ·rɯm).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lǐn (lin³)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lam⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lǐn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lǐn
  - Wade–Giles: lin³
  - Yale: lǐn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liin
  - Palladius: линь (linʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lin²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
  - Jyutping: lam⁴
  - Yale: làhm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lam⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: lem⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐm²¹/

Middle Chinese: limX

Rime
Character	菻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力稔切
Baxter	limX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liɪm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/lim^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ljem^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lim^X/
Li Rong	/liəm^X/
Wang Li	/lĭĕm^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯əm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǐn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lam⁵

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·rɯmʔ/, /*ɡ·rɯms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菻	菻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	8171	8173
Phonetic component	林	林
Rime group	侵	侵
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	廩
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·rɯmʔ/	/*ɡ·rɯms/
Notes	拂菻

Definitions

菻

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, botany) artemisia
Synonym: 蒿 (hāo)
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) used in 拂菻 (Fúlǐn, “Byzantine Empire”)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 菻 – see 𦱍. (This character is the simplified and variant form of 𦱍).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C11594
“菻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

菻

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): りん (rin)
Kun: きつねあざ (kitsuneaza)

Compounds

払菻(ふつりん) (futsurin, “(historical, used by China) Byzantine Empire”)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
菻
りん Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 菻 (MC limX, “artemisia”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɾʲĩɴ]

Vietnamese

Han character

菻: Hán Nôm readings: lùm, râm, răm

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation