西洋

西洋

1. the Western world; the West
2. (literary, historical) Western Seas (region west of the South China Sea)

   鄭和下西洋／郑和下西洋  ―  Zhèng Hé xià xīyáng  ―  [Voyages of] Zheng He down the Western Seas

   • 1618, 張燮, 東西洋考, volume 7, page 2:

     其明年隆慶改元，福建巡撫都御史塗澤民請開海禁，准販東西二洋：蓋東洋若呂宋、蘇祿諸國，西洋若交址、占城、暹羅諸國，皆我羈縻外臣，無侵叛，而特嚴禁販倭奴者，比於通番接濟之例。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     其明年隆庆改元，福建巡抚都御史涂泽民请开海禁，准贩东西二洋：盖东洋若吕宋、苏禄诸国，西洋若交址、占城、暹罗诸国，皆我羁縻外臣，无侵叛，而特严禁贩倭奴者，比于通番接济之例。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     Qí míngnián Lóngqìng gǎiyuán, fújiàn xúnfǔ dōuyùshǐ Tú Zémín qǐng kāi hǎijìn, zhǔn fàn dōngxī èr yáng: gài Dōngyáng ruò Lǚsòng, Sūlù zhū guó, xīyáng ruò Jiāozhǐ, Zhānchéng, Xiānluó zhū guó, jiē wǒ jīmí wàichén, wú qīnpàn, ér tè yánjìn fàn wōnú zhě, bǐ yú tōngfān jiējì zhī lì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (dated) (～國) Portugal
   • 西洋波會／西洋波会 [Cantonese]  ―  sai¹ joeng⁴ bo¹ wui^6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  Club de Recreio (established as a recreation centre for the Portuguese community in Hong Kong)
   • 1841, Elijah Coleman Bridgman, Chinese Chrestomathy in the Canton Dialect, Macao: S.W. Williams, page 420:

     地問在細利漥之東南地歸西洋管轄 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
     地问在细利漥之东南地归西洋管辖 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]

     dei⁶ man⁶ zoi⁶ sai³ lei⁶ waa¹ zi¹ dung¹ naam⁴ dei⁶ gwai¹ sai¹ joeng⁴ gun² hat⁶ [Jyutping]

     Timor is situated south east from the Celebes, and is under the government of the Portuguese.

Prior to the Qing dynasty, 西洋 (Xīyáng) encompassed regions on the western coast of the South China Sea and west of Borneo in general, such as Annam, Siam, Java, Sumatra and Malacca. This designation contrasted 東洋／东洋 (Dōngyáng), which included regions to the east like Japan, Luzon, Sulu, etc. After the First Opium War however, 西洋 (Xīyáng) became associated exclusively with the Western world, and countries in Southeast Asia historically categorized under 西洋 (Xīyáng) and 東洋／东洋 (Dōngyáng) came to be known as 南洋 (Nányáng) in mid to late Qing.

• (the Western world): 西方 (xīfāng)

• Macanese: Saiong (“Portugal”)

• (Min Nan) “西洋”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

西洋

1. (Hokkien) Western cloth

• 西洋布

• (Tokyo) せーよー [séꜜèyòò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [se̞ːjo̞ː]

西(せい)洋(よう) • (seiyō) ^{←せいやう (seiyau)?}

1. The West, western countries

• 東洋(とうよう) (tōyō)

• 欧米(おうべい) (ōbei)
• 西欧(せいおう) (seiō)

西洋 • (seoyang) (hangeul 서양)

1. hanja form^? of 서양 (“the West”)

西洋

1. chữ Hán form of Tây Dương (“the West, western countries”)