πŒπŒ„πŒ“πŒ”πŒπŒ‰πŒŒπŒ–

Umbrian

Alternative forms

  • πŒπŒ„πŒ”πŒπŒ‰πŒŒπŒ– (pesnimu), πŒπŒ„πŒ“πŒ”πŒπŒ‰πŒ‡πŒŒπŒ– (persnihmu), pesnimu, persnimu, persnihimu

Etymology

Uncertain. Probably a denominative to an otherwise unattested noun. Poultney suggests that this noun may be reconstructable as Proto-Italic *persk-ni-, although De Vaan provides the reconstructed form *perk-sk-(i)ōn. Alternatively, Poultney suggests that it could have been formed from a noun *persk-no-. If this theory is accepted, the verb would have been formed like Latin serviō if from servus. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *preḱ-. Related to Latin poscō, from Proto-Italic *porskō.

Verb

πŒπŒ„πŒ“πŒ”πŒπŒ‰πŒŒπŒ– β€’ (persnimu) (3rd-person singular future active imperative) (early Iguvine, deponent)

  1. to pray
    • Iguvine Tablets Ib.7:
      πŒŠπŒ–πŒ•πŒ„πŒš:πŒπŒ„πŒ“πŒ”πŒπŒ‰πŒŒπŒ–
      kutef:persnimu
      • Translation by James Poultney
        pray in a mumur
    • Iguvine Tablets VIIa.43:
      tases persnimu
      • Translation by Charles Darling Buck
        pray silently
    • Iguvine Tablets VIb.9-10:
      mefa spefa eso persnimu fisovie sansie tiom esa mefa spefa
      • Translation by Epwin W. Fay
        having spread out the table let him thus pray

Usage notes

The form persnis and pesnis are categorized by Buck as nominative singular masculine forms of the perfect passive participle of the verb. However, De Vaan lists them as 3rd-person singular future perfect forms.

Declension

  • (future active imperative third-person plural plural) l.Ig. persnimumo
  • (future active imperative third-person plural plural) l.Ig. persnihimumo
  • (future active imperative third-person plural plural) l.Ig. pesnimumo
  • (third-person singular future perfect active) l.Ig. persnis

References

  • Poultney, James Wilson (1959), The Bronze Tables of Iguviumβ€Ž[1], Baltimore: American Philological Association
  • Buck, Carl Darling (1904), A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, β†’ISBN, page 483
  • Edwin W. Fay (October 1899), β€œSome Italic Etymologies and Interpretations”, in The Classical Reviewβ€Ž[2], volume 13, number 7, β†’DOI, β†’ISSN, pages 350–355
  • Teigo Onishi (26 November 2021), β€œUmbrian ⟨rs⟩ and ⟨rf⟩: A synchronic and diachronic puzzle”, in Indo-European Linguisticsβ€Ž[3], volume 9, number 1, β†’DOI, β†’ISSN, pages 205-206
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