Old Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Avestan 𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬁𐬯𐬞𐬀 (Vištāspa). Equivalent to *vištah (“free, unbridled”) + 𐎠𐎿𐎱 (a-s-p /aspaʰ/, “horse”).[1][2][3]
Proper noun
𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱 (vi-š-t-a-s-p /Vištāspaʰ/)
- a male given name of historical usage, equivalent to English Hystaspes
𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹- Dārayavauš xšāyaθiyaʰ vazr̥kaʰ Vištāspahyā puçaʰ Haxāmanišiyaʰ
- Darius, the great king, son of Hystaspes, an Achaemenid
Declension
| Masculine declension of 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱
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| Nom. sg.
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱 (vi-š-t-a-s-p)
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| Voc. sg.
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎠 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-a)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Dual
|
Plural
|
| Nominative
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱 (vi-š-t-a-s-p)
|
—
|
𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎠 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-a)
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| Vocative
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎠 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-a)
|
—
|
—
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| Accusative
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎶 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-m)
|
—
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎠 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-a)
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| Genitive-Dative
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-h-y)
|
—
|
𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-a-n-a-m)
|
| Instrumental-Ablative
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎠 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-a)
|
—
|
𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-i-b-i-š)
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| Locative
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎡𐎹 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-i-y)
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—
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𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎡𐎿𐎢𐎺𐎠 (vi-š-t-a-s-p-i-s-u-v-a)
|
Descendants
- Middle Persian:
- Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭢𐭥𐭱𐭲𐭮𐭯 (gʿštsp /Guštāsp/), 𐭥𐭱𐭲𐭠𐭮𐭯𐭩 (wštʾspy /Wištāsp/)[4]
- Persian: گُشتاسپ (goštâsp)
- → Old Armenian: Վշտասպեան (Vštaspean)
- → Akkadian:
- Late Babylonian: 𒍑𒋫𒊍𒉺 (uš-ta-as-pa /Uštaspa/), 𒍑𒋫𒊍𒉿 (uš-ta-as-pi /Uštaspi/), 𒍑𒋫𒊍𒁍 (uš-ta-as-pu /Uštaspu/), 𒍑𒌨𒁍 ([uš-ta]s-pu /Uštaspu/)
- → Ancient Greek: Ὑστάσπης (Hustáspēs)
- → Aramaic:
- Imperial Aramaic: 𐡅𐡔𐡕𐡀𐡎𐡐 (wštʾsp)
- → Egyptian:
- Late Egyptian: (wꜣšꜣtjsꜣp), (wꜣyšꜣtjsꜣpy), (wꜣyšꜣtjšꜣp)
- → Elamite:
- Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈪𒆜𒆪𒀾𒁀 (mi-iš-da-áš-ba /Mišdašba/)
- → Lycian: 𐊇𐊆𐊈𐊗𐊗𐊖𐊓𐊓𐊀 (Wizttsppa)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1979), Die altiranischen Namen [The Old Iranian Names] (Iranisches Personennamenbuch, Band I, Faszikel II) (in German), Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, page 29
- ^ Tavernier, Jan (2007), “1.2.36. Vištāspa- (Vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-): *Višta-aspa-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN
- ^ Tavernier, Jan (2007), “2.2.67. *Vištāspa-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN
- ^ Rüdiger Schmitt (July 20, 2005), “PERSONAL NAMES, IRANIAN v. SASANIAN PERIOD”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York