'am

See also: Appendix:Variations of "am"

English

Etymology

A representation of the pronunciation of ham by a speaker whose dialect lacks the voiceless glottal fricative or transition ([h]).

Pronunciation

Audio (US): (file)

Noun

'am (plural 'ams)

Nonstandard form of ham.

Anagrams

-ma-, M&A, M.A., MA, Ma, ma

Irish

Pronunciation

(Aran) IPA^(key): /ɑ(ː)mˠ/^[1]
(Cois Fharraige) IPA^(key): /amˠ/^[2]

Pronoun

’am (emphatic ’amsa)

Galway form of agam: first-person singular of ag

References

^ Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 88
^ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977), Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht [The Irish of Cois Fharraige: Accidence] (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 298, page 141

Old Tupi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔam, from Proto-Tupian *ʔam.

Verb

'am (first-person singular active indicative a'am, first-person singular negative active indicative n'a'ami, noun 'ama) (intransitive)

to stand (to support oneself on the feet in an erect position)
Synonym: pu'am

Antonym: îub

Conjugation

Conjugation of 'am (intransitive, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Deverbals
Causative	mo'am
Causative-comitative	ero'am
-ba'e	o'amyba'e
-sab(a)	'ambaba
-sar(a)	'ambara
	Singular		Singular and Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative	a'am	ere'am	o'am	oro'am	îa'am	pe'am
Permissive	t'a'am	t'ere'am	t'o'am	t'oro'am	t'îa'am	ta pe'am
Imperative		e'am				pe'am
Negative indicative	n'a'ami	n'ere'ami	n'o'ami	n'oro'ami	n'îa'ami	na pe'ami
Negative permissive	t'a'am umẽ	t'ere'am umẽ	t'o'am umẽ	t'oro'am umẽ	t'îa'am umẽ	ta pe'am umẽ
Negative imperative		e'am umẽ				pe'am umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	gûi'ama	e'ama	o'ama	oro'ama	îa'ama	pe'ama
Negative	gûi'ame'yma	e'ame'yma	o'ame'yma	oro'ame'yma	îa'ame'yma	pe'ame'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	'ama
Negative	'ame'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe 'ami		i 'ami	oré 'ami	îandé 'ami
Negative	xe 'ame'ymi		i 'ame'ymi	oré 'ame'ymi	îandé 'ame'ymi

References

Navarro, Eduardo de Almeida (2013), “'am”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 28, column 2

O'odham

Particle

'am

Indicates orientation away from the speaker.
Gogs 'o 'am g tianda wui him.
The dog is walking (away) to the store.

'A꞉pi 'ap 'am g ki꞉ ba꞉ṣo ke꞉k.
You are standing (facing away) in front of the house.

Verb

'am

second-person plural imperfect indicative of 'o
'A꞉pim 'am ñeñok.
You (pl.) are/were speaking.

Alternative forms

m

References

Zepeda, Ofelia (1983), A Tohono Oʼodham Grammar, Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, published after 1986

[1] Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 88

[2] Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977), Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht [The Irish of Cois Fharraige: Accidence] (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 298, page 141

[1]

[2]

		singular		plural
		imperfective	perfective	imperfective	perfective
first person	long	'añ	'ant	'ac	'att
first person	short	ñ	nt	c	tt
second person	long	'ap	'apt	'am	'amt
second person	short	p	pt	m	mt
third person	long	'o	'at	'o	'at
third person	short	'o	t	'o	t