Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ajadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *aja-, probably borrowed from a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-, *h₂éǵeti;[1] see the Proto-Uralic entry for more. Cognates include Proto-Samic *vuojētēk.
Verb
*ajadak (stem *aja-)[2]
Inflection
Inflection of *ajadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *ajan | *ajoin | — | *ajagon |
| 2nd sing. | *ajat | *ajoit | *ajak | *ajagos |
| 3rd sing. | *ajabi *aja |
*ajoi | *ajagasën | *ajagosën |
| 1st plur. | *ajakmëk *ajakmak |
*ajoimëk *ajoimak |
*ajagatëmëk *ajagatamak |
*ajagotëmëk *ajagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *ajaktëk *ajaktak |
*ajoidëk *ajoidak |
*ajagatë *ajagata |
*ajagot'ëk *ajagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *ajabat *aja |
*ajoi | *ajagasën | *ajagosën |
| passive | *ajaksën *ajat'aksën |
*ajadisën *ajattisën |
*ajadakahën *ajattakahën |
*ajadakohën *ajattakohën |
| connegative | *ajak | — | *ajagak | *ajagok |
| passive connegative | *ajaktak | — | *ajadagak *ajattagak |
*ajadagok *ajattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *ajakcin | *ajoicin | *ajanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *ajakcit | *ajoicit | *ajanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *ajakci | *ajoici | *ajani | |
| 1st plur. | *ajakcimëk *ajakcimak |
*ajoicimëk *ajoicimak |
*ajanëmëk *ajanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *ajakcidëk *ajakcidak |
*ajoicidëk *ajoicidak |
*ajanëdëk *ajanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *ajakci | *ajoici | *ajani | |
| passive | *ajadakcihën *ajat'akcihën |
*ajadicihën *ajatticihën |
*ajadanëhën *ajattanëhën | |
| connegative | *ajakcik | *ajoicik | *ajanëk | |
| passive connegative | *ajadakcik *ajat'akcik |
*ajadicik *ajatticik |
*ajadanëk *ajattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *ajadak | present | *ajaba | *ajadapa *ajattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *ajadë- | past | *ajanut | *ajadu *ajattu |
| gerund/supine | *ajama | negative | *ajamat'oin | |
| action noun | *ajaminen | |||
Derived terms
- *ajaja
- *ajo
Descendants
- Estonian: ajama/ajada
- Finnish: ajaa
- Ingrian: aijaa
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: ajua
- South Karelian: ajua
- Livonian: a’jjõ, (Salaca) aij
- Ludian: ajada
- Veps: ajada
- Võro: ajama/ajjaq (also aama)
- Votic: ajja
References
- ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “ajaa”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*aja-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)