Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/anodak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From earlier *ana + *-odak, from Proto-Finno-Permic *ana- (compare Erzya анамс (anams, “to want, ask, beg”), Moksha анамс (anams, “to want, ask, beg”)).[1] Proto-Samic *ānōtēk is possibly an early loan from Finnic.
Verb
*anodak (stem *ano-)[2]
Inflection
Inflection of *anodak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *anon | *anoin | — | *anogon |
| 2nd sing. | *anot | *anoit | *anok | *anogos |
| 3rd sing. | *anobi *ano |
*anoi | *anogasën | *anogosën |
| 1st plur. | *anokmëk *anokmak |
*anoimëk *anoimak |
*anogatëmëk *anogatamak |
*anogotëmëk *anogotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *anoktëk *anoktak |
*anoidëk *anoidak |
*anogatë *anogata |
*anogot'ëk *anogotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *anobat *ano |
*anoi | *anogasën | *anogosën |
| passive | *anoksën *anot'aksën |
*anodisën *anottisën |
*anodakahën *anottakahën |
*anodakohën *anottakohën |
| connegative | *anok | — | *anogak | *anogok |
| passive connegative | *anoktak | — | *anodagak *anottagak |
*anodagok *anottagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *anokcin | *anoicin | *anonën | |
| 2nd sing. | *anokcit | *anoicit | *anonët | |
| 3rd sing. | *anokci | *anoici | *anoni | |
| 1st plur. | *anokcimëk *anokcimak |
*anoicimëk *anoicimak |
*anonëmëk *anonëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *anokcidëk *anokcidak |
*anoicidëk *anoicidak |
*anonëdëk *anonëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *anokci | *anoici | *anoni | |
| passive | *anodakcihën *anot'akcihën |
*anodicihën *anotticihën |
*anodanëhën *anottanëhën | |
| connegative | *anokcik | *anoicik | *anonëk | |
| passive connegative | *anodakcik *anot'akcik |
*anodicik *anotticik |
*anodanëk *anottanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *anodak | present | *anoba | *anodapa *anottapa |
| infinitive 2 | *anodë- | past | *anonut | *anodu *anottu |
| gerund/supine | *anoma | negative | *anomat'oin | |
| action noun | *anominen | |||
Synonyms
- (to beg): *kerjät'äk
- (to ask): *püütädäk
Descendants
- Finnish: anoa
- → Estonian: anuma
- →? Votic: anoa (Rudja, rare)
- Karelian:
- →? Proto-Samic: *ānōtēk (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “anoa”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*ano-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)
- “anuma”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][3] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN