Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kakci

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Proto-Finnic cardinal numbers
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    Cardinal : *kakci
    Ordinal : *toinën

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *kakta ~ *käktä.[1] The final vowel was modified (*kakta > *kakte) by analogy with *ükci (< *ükte).

Numeral

*kakci[2]

  1. two

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Estonian: kaks
  • Finnish: kaksi
  • Ingrian: kaks
  • Karelian:
    North Karelian: kakši
    South Karelian: kakši, kaksi
  • Livonian: kakš, (Salaca) kaks
  • Livvi: kaksi
  • Ludian: kakš
  • Veps: kaksʹ
  • Võro: kats'
  • Votic: kahs, kahsi

References

  1. ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “kaksi”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
  2. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*kakci”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[2] (in Finnish)
  • Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004), Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎[3] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN