Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kana

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from early Proto-Germanic *hanā (later *hanô), with *h (probably a velar fricative in Proto-Germanic) adapted as a *k as usual for older loans from Germanic.[1]

Noun

*kana[2]

  1. fowl, hen

Inflection

Inflection of *kana
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *kana *kanat
accusative *kanan *kanat
genitive *kanan *kanadën
*kanoidën
partitive *kanada *kanoida
inessive *kanassa
*kanahna 		*kanoissa
*kanoihna
elative *kanasta *kanoista
illative *kanahën *kanoihën
adessive *kanalla *kanoilla
ablative *kanalta *kanoilta
allative *kanalën
*kanalëk 		*kanoilën
*kanoilëk
essive *kanana *kanoina
translative *kanaksi *kanoiksi
instructive *kanan *kanoin
comitative *kananëk *kanoinëk
abessive *kanatta *kanoitta

Descendants

  • Estonian: kana
  • Finnish: kana
  • Ingrian: kana
  • Karelian:
    • North Karelian: kana
    • South Karelian: kana
  • Livonian: kanā
  • Livvi: kana
  • Ludian: kana
  • Veps: kana
  • Võro: kana
  • Votic: kana
  • → Inari Sami: kääni
  • → Skolt Sami: kääʹnn
  • →? Kildin Sami: ка̄ннҍ (kānn’)

See also

References

  1. ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “kana”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
  2. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*kana”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[2] (in Finnish)
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎[3] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  • “kana”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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