Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/utu

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *ūdą (whence Icelandic úði).[1]

Noun

*utu[2]

  1. fog, mist, haze

Inflection

Inflection of *utu
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *utu *udut
accusative *udun *udut
genitive *udun *utudën
*utuidën
partitive *utuda *utuida
inessive *udussa
*uduhna 		*uduissa
*uduihna
elative *udusta *uduista
illative *utuhën *utuihën
adessive *udulla *uduilla
ablative *udulta *uduilta
allative *utulën
*utulëk 		*utuilën
*utuilëk
essive *utuna *utuina
translative *uduksi *uduiksi
instructive *udun *uduin
comitative *utunëk *utuinëk
abessive *udutta *uduitta

Descendants

  • Estonian: udu
  • Finnish: utu
  • Ingrian: utu
  • Karelian: utu, udu
  • Livonian: u’d
  • Livvi: udu
  • Votic: utu

References

  1. ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “utu”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
  2. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*utu”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[2] (in Finnish)

Further reading

  • “udu”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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