Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dirbijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *derbaz (“bold, daring”) +‎ *-janą.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈdir.βi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*dirbijaną[1] (North Germanic)

  1. to make bold
  2. to venture
  3. to dare

Inflection

Conjugation of *dirbijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *dirbijō *dirbijaų — *dirbijai ?
2nd singular *dirbīsi *dirbijais *dirbī *dirbijasai *dirbijaisau
3rd singular *dirbīþi *dirbijai *dirbijaþau *dirbijaþai *dirbijaiþau
1st dual *dirbijōs *dirbijaiw — — —
2nd dual *dirbijaþiz *dirbijaiþiz *dirbijaþiz — —
1st plural *dirbijamaz *dirbijaim — *dirbijanþai *dirbijainþau
2nd plural *dirbīþ *dirbijaiþ *dirbīþ *dirbijanþai *dirbijainþau
3rd plural *dirbijanþi *dirbijain *dirbijanþau *dirbijanþai *dirbijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *dirbidǭ *dirbidēdį̄
2nd singular *dirbidēz *dirbidēdīz
3rd singular *dirbidē *dirbidēdī
1st dual *dirbidēdū *dirbidēdīw
2nd dual *dirbidēdudiz *dirbidēdīdiz
1st plural *dirbidēdum *dirbidēdīm
2nd plural *dirbidēdud *dirbidēdīd
3rd plural *dirbidēdun *dirbidēdīn
present past
participles *dirbijandz *dirbidaz

Descendants

  • Old Norse: dirfa
    • Icelandic: dirfa
    • Norwegian: dirvast

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*derba-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 93: “*derbjan-”
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