Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grundijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *grunduz (ground) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɣrun.di.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*grundijaną

  1. To bring down to the ground
  2. To establish, to lay the foundations of
  3. To research, to explore

Inflection

Conjugation of *grundijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *grundijō *grundijaų *grundijai ?
2nd singular *grundīsi *grundijais *grundī *grundijasai *grundijaisau
3rd singular *grundīþi *grundijai *grundijaþau *grundijaþai *grundijaiþau
1st dual *grundijōs *grundijaiw
2nd dual *grundijaþiz *grundijaiþiz *grundijaþiz
1st plural *grundijamaz *grundijaim *grundijanþai *grundijainþau
2nd plural *grundīþ *grundijaiþ *grundīþ *grundijanþai *grundijainþau
3rd plural *grundijanþi *grundijain *grundijanþau *grundijanþai *grundijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *grundidǭ *grundidēdį̄
2nd singular *grundidēz *grundidēdīz
3rd singular *grundidē *grundidēdī
1st dual *grundidēdū *grundidēdīw
2nd dual *grundidēdudiz *grundidēdīdiz
1st plural *grundidēdum *grundidēdīm
2nd plural *grundidēdud *grundidēdīd
3rd plural *grundidēdun *grundidēdīn
present past
participles *grundijandz *grundidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *grundijan
    • Old English: gryndan
    • Old Saxon: grundian
    • Old High German: grunten
  • Old Norse: grynna (< Verner alternation *grunþijaną)