Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kōpijaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵab-, *ǵeb- (“to look after”). Cognate with Lithuanian gebėti (“to cultivate, maintain, be able”), Russian забо́та (zabóta, “care, concern, attention”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɔː.pi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*kōpijaną
- to look after, observe
- to watch, keep, care for
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *kōpijō | *kōpijaų | — | *kōpijai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *kōpīsi | *kōpijais | *kōpī | *kōpijasai | *kōpijaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *kōpīþi | *kōpijai | *kōpijaþau | *kōpijaþai | *kōpijaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *kōpijōs | *kōpijaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *kōpijaþiz | *kōpijaiþiz | *kōpijaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *kōpijamaz | *kōpijaim | — | *kōpijanþai | *kōpijainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *kōpīþ | *kōpijaiþ | *kōpīþ | *kōpijanþai | *kōpijainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *kōpijanþi | *kōpijain | *kōpijanþau | *kōpijanþai | *kōpijainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *kōpidǭ | *kōpidēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *kōpidēz | *kōpidēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *kōpidē | *kōpidēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *kōpidēdū | *kōpidēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *kōpidēdudiz | *kōpidēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *kōpidēdum | *kōpidēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *kōpidēdud | *kōpidēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *kōpidēdun | *kōpidēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *kōpijandz | *kōpidaz | ||||
Related terms
- *kapāną
- Proto-West Germanic: *kapēn
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *kōpijan
- Old Norse: kópa
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 280