Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klappōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

  • *klapōną

Etymology

Onomatopoeic and influenced by (or related to) verbs such as *klupjaną (“to grip, grasp, clasp”), analyzable as *klappaz (“a hit, clap”) +‎ *-ōną (“denominal suffix”).[1] Cognate with Proto-Slavic *klepati (“to knock, clap”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈklɑp.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*klappōną

  1. To clap, strike or pound (especially two things against each other)
  2. To make loud noises, especially breathing or pulsating.
  3. To chatter.

Inflection

Conjugation of *klappōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *klappō *klappǭ — *klappōi ?
2nd singular *klappōsi *klappōs *klappō *klappōsai *klappōsau
3rd singular *klappōþi *klappō *klappōþau *klappōþai *klappōþau
1st dual *klappōs *klappōw — — —
2nd dual *klappōþiz *klappōþiz *klappōþiz — —
1st plural *klappōmaz *klappōm — *klappōnþai *klappōnþau
2nd plural *klappōþ *klappōþ *klappōþ *klappōnþai *klappōnþau
3rd plural *klappōnþi *klappōn *klappōnþau *klappōnþai *klappōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *klappōdǭ *klappōdēdį̄
2nd singular *klappōdēz *klappōdēdīz
3rd singular *klappōdē *klappōdēdī
1st dual *klappōdēdū *klappōdēdīw
2nd dual *klappōdēdudiz *klappōdēdīdiz
1st plural *klappōdēdum *klappōdēdīm
2nd plural *klappōdēdud *klappōdēdīd
3rd plural *klappōdēdun *klappōdēdīn
present past
participles *klappōndz *klappōdaz
  • *klappą
  • *klappaz
  • *klipjaną
  • *kluppōną

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *klappōn
    • Old English: clappian
    • Old Frisian: klappia
    • Old Saxon: *klappōn (klapōn)
    • Old Dutch: *klappon
    • Old High German: klaffōn, klapfōn, chlaphōn (← *klapōną)
  • Old Norse: klappa

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*klappōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 215
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