Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂

From *-h₂.

*-éh₂ n

1. Creates collective nouns and mass nouns corresponding to thematic formations with accent on the suffix.

This collective noun suffix gave rise to the thematic neuter plural suffix in nuclear (i.e. non-Anatolian) Indo-European languages. In Anatolian itself, it is disputed whether nouns attested with this suffix are plural or collective in number.

• *-i-eh₂
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Slavic: *-ьja

*(o)-éh₂ f

2. Creates action nouns and abstract nouns.

   ‎*bʰer- (“to bear”) + ‎*-éh₂ → ‎*bʰoréh₂ (“carrying, burden”)

These o-grade feminine abstract nouns are known as τομή (tomḗ)-type nouns in Indo-Europeanist literature, and were typically derived from *(o)-ós nominals from *CeR- roots.

• *(ó)-os (thematic)
• *(o)-ós
• *(o)-eh₂yéti
• *-i-eh₂
  • Proto-Celtic: *-iyā
    • Proto-Brythonic: *-eð
      • Cornish: -edh
      • Middle Welsh: -eð
        • Welsh: -edd
    • Old Irish: -e
      • Irish: -e
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)
  • Italic:
    • Latin: -ia

• Proto-Germanic: *-ō
• Proto-Hellenic: *-ā́
  • Ancient Greek: -ᾱ́ (-ā́), -ή (-ḗ)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-áH

*(∅)-éh₂ f

1. Creates action nouns and abstract nouns.

   ‎*bʰewg- (“to flee”) + ‎*-éh₂ → ‎*bʰugéh₂ (“flight”)

These nouns are known as φυγή (phugḗ)-type nouns in Indo-Europeanist literature. They are mainly formed from verbal roots, generally of the shape *CeRT-.