Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ní

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *ní.

    Adverb

    *ní[1]

    1. down, downwards
    2. in, into
    3. engrave, inscribe

    Derived terms

    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *nīcás
      • Sanskrit: नीच (nīcá, “low”)
      • Avestan: 𐬥𐬍𐬱 (nīš, “without”), 𐬥𐬍𐬲 (nīž)

    Descendants

    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ní
    • Proto-Iranian: *ní
      • Central Iranian:
        • Avestan:
          Old Avestan: 𐬥𐬍 (nī)
          Younger Avestan: 𐬥𐬌 (ni)
      • Northeastern Iranian:
        • Khotanese: ni-, nä-
        • Sogdian: [script needed] (n-) (in [script needed] (npys-, “to write down”))
      • Northwestern Iranian:
        • Northern Kurdish: ni- (eg. in nivistin (“to sleep”))
        • Parthian: n-
      • Southwestern Iranian:
        • Old Persian: 𐎴 (ni) (in 𐎴-𐎱𐎮𐎹 (ni-padiy, “on the trail of”))
          • Middle Persian: n- (ni)
            • Persian: ن- (ne) (eg. in نشستن (nešastan, “to sit”))
    • Proto-Nuristani:[2]
      • Northern Nuristani:
        • Kamkata-viri:
          Kamviri: ni
          Kativiri: ni
        • Prasuni: n- (“downriver”)

    References

    1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
    2. ^ Strand, Richard F. (2016), “ni”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎[1]
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