Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sъto

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Early Proto-Slavic *suta,^[1] from dialectal irregular Proto-Balto-Slavic *śumta, alternative form of *śímta, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm. The vocalism is highly aberrant; the expected *ę from Proto-Balto-Slavic *im < IE *m̥ is found in *tysęti. The back vowel is sometimes connected with dialectal Lithuanian šum̃tas of dubious antiquity, leaving the lack of nasal unexplained still. Owing to these difficulties, an external source has been sought, perhaps Iranian or Thracian; higher numerals like ‘hundred’ are frequently borrowed.

Noun

**Proto-Slavic numbers ^(edit)**
		1,000
← 10	← 90	100	200 →	1,000 →
		10
Cardinal: *sъto

*sъ̏to n^[2]^[3]^[4]

hundred

Inflection

Declension of *sъ̏to (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sъ̏to	*sъ̏tě	*sъtà
genitive	*sъ̏ta	*sъtù	*sъ̀tъ
dative	*sъ̏tu	*sъtomà	*sъtòmъ
accusative	*sъ̏to	*sъ̏tě	*sъtà
instrumental	sъ̏tъmь, sъ̏tomь^*	*sъtomà	*sъtý
locative	*sъ̏tě	*sъtù	*sъtě̃xъ
vocative	*sъto	*sъ̏tě	*sъtà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: съто (sŭto)
  - Old Ruthenian: сто (sto)
    - Belarusian: сто (sto)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: сто (sto)
    - Ukrainian: сто (sto)
  - Russian: сто (sto)
- Old Novgorodian: съто (sŭto)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏⱅⱁ (sŭto)
  
  Old Cyrillic script: съто (sŭto)
  - Bulgarian: сто (sto)
  - Macedonian: сто (sto)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: сто̑
  Latin script: stȏ, stȏl (Croatia)
  - → Istro-Romanian: sto
- Slovene: stọ̑ (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sto
  - Czech: sto
- Old Polish: sto
  - Polish: sto
  - Silesian: sto
- Old Slovak: sto
  - Pannonian Rusyn: сто (sto)
  - Slovak: sto
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: sto
  - Slovincian: stô
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: sto
  - Upper Sorbian: sto

Non-Slavic:
- → Vulgar Latin: *suta
  - Aromanian: sutã
  - Megleno-Romanian: sută
  - Romanian: sută

References

^ Klotz, Emanuel (2017), “*suta «sъto»”, in Urslawisches Wörterbuch [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in German), 1st edition, Wien: Facultas, →ISBN, page 209
^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sъto”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 482: “num. (c) ‘hundred’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “sъto”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c hundred (NA 107; PR 138)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “stọ̑”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sъ̏to”

[1] Klotz, Emanuel (2017), “*suta «sъto»”, in Urslawisches Wörterbuch [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in German), 1st edition, Wien: Facultas, →ISBN, page 209

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sъto”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 482: “num. (c) ‘hundred’”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001), “sъto”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c hundred (NA 107; PR 138)”

[4] Snoj, Marko (2016), “stọ̑”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sъ̏to”

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