Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/aniganī

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Alternative reconstructions

*ańŋa (per EDAL)
*añŋa (per Janhunen)

Reconstruction notes

The status of the syllable-final palatal nasal is problematic in view of the general phonotactic framework of Proto-Tungusic. The second member of the cluster was, in any case, probably velar stop *g and not the velar nasal *ŋ, for the correspondences differ from those of *añŋa.

Etymology

From *aniga +‎ *-nī.

Noun

*aniganī

year

Declension

Declension of *aniganī

	Singular
Nominative	*aniganī
Accusative	*aniganība
Genitive	*aniganīŋī
Dative	*aniganīdua
Locative	*aniganīlā
Ablative	*aniganīdiki
Prolative	*aniganīli
Elative	*aniganīgiʒi
Instrumental	*aniganīʒi
Delative	*aniganīlāki
Directive	*aniganītiki
Comitative	*aniganīgili

Descendants

Jurchenic:
- Jurchen: 阿捏 (aniya /⁠a-nie⁠/)
  - Manchu: ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ (aniya)
Tungusic:
- Northern Tungusic:
  - Even: анӈан (anŋan)
  - Evenki: анӈанӣ (anŋaņī)
  - Negidal: анӈанӣ (anŋani)
  - Oroqen: aŋŋanɪ
  - Solon: aŋa
- Southern Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Oroch: аӈани (aŋani)
    - Udihe: аӈани (aŋani)
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: айӈани (ajŋani)
    - Orok: аԩани́ (ańaní)
    - Ulch: аня (ańa)

References

Benzing, Johannes (1955), Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 18
Vovin, Alexander; Janhunen, Juha; de la Fuente, José Andrés Alonso (2023), The Tungusic Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), Abingdon: Routledge, page 56
Cincius, V. I. (1975), Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 43-44
Kane, Daniel (1989), The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 191.