Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dunkalēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *dunkal (“dark”) +‎ *-ēn.

Verb

*dunkalēn

  1. to become dark or gloomy

Inflection

Class 3 weak
Infinitive *dunkalēn
1st sg. past *dunkal?dā
Infinitive *dunkalēn
Genitive infin. *dunkalēnijas
Dative infin. *dunkalēnijē
Instrum. infin. *dunkalēniju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *dunkalē *dunkal?dā
2nd singular *dunkalēs *dunkal?dēs, *dunkal?dēs
3rd singular *dunkalēþ *dunkal?dē, *dunkal?dā
1st plural *dunkalēm *dunkal?dum
2nd plural *dunkalēþ *dunkal?dud
3rd plural *dunkalēnþ *dunkal?dun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *dunkalē *dunkal?dī
2nd singular *dunkalēs *dunkal?dī
3rd singular *dunkalē *dunkal?dī
1st plural *dunkalēm *dunkal?dīm
2nd plural *dunkalēþ *dunkal?dīd
3rd plural *dunkalēn *dunkal?dīn
Imperative Present
Singular *dunkalē
Plural *dunkalēþ
Present Past
Participle *dunkalēndī *dunkal?d

Descendants

  • Old Dutch: *duncalon
    • Middle Dutch: donkelen
  • Old High German: tunkalēn
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