Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/ej

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • Etymology 1:
    • *ej (per Werner 2002 and Vajda-Werner 2022)
    • *ʔej (per Starostin 1994-2005)
    • *aj (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • Etymology 2:
    • *eˀj (per Vajda-Werner 2022)

Etymology 1

Noun

*ej (plural *ej-Vŋ)

  1. (anatomy) tongue
    Synonym: *ɬVb (Kottic and Arinic)

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Imbak Ket: ej (M., W., VW., Kl.), ii (Ad. 1), ij (Ad. 2)
      • Ket: эй (ɛ̄j, ɛ̀j) (Southern and Central dialects), эйъ (ɛ̀jʌ) (Central dialects), эйи (ɛ̀ji) (Northern dialects)
    • Ostyak Yug: ej (M.)
    • Yug: ей (ēj)
  • Pumpokolic:
    • Pumpokol: aj, ai (W., VW.)
      • ⇒ Pumpokol: Gebéŋ-aj, Gebéŋ-ai (“Pumpokol language”) (W.)
    • ⇒? Pumpokol: iilɨgɨl (“tongue”) (Kl.)

Etymology 2

Noun

*ej (plural *ej-Vŋ or *ej-Vn)

  1. (anatomy) egg

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Imbak Ket: eégh (Mes.; Eed-Šeš dialect)
    • Imbak Ket: eː (M., W.), e (Kl.), ɛj (Ad.)
      • Ket: эʼй (ɛˀj) (singular), еӈ (ɛ̄ˑŋ) (a pair), еӈън (ɛ́ŋʌn) (plural)
    • Ostyak Yug: öŋ (M.)
      • Yug: еӈ (ɛ̄ˑŋ) (singular)
  • Kottic:
    • ⇒ Assan: šulej (M., W., Kl.)
    • ⇒ Kott: šuléj (M., W., Kl.), šulei (C.), šuler (H.)
  • Arinic:
    • Arin: aŋ (M., W., Kl.; plural), agen (H.; plural)
  • Pumpokolic:
    • Pumpokol: eg (Kl.; plural; -g ← *-ŋ)
    • ⇒ Pumpokol: tanáŋ (W., Kl.)

Further reading

  • Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*ej (1)/*aj”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 269
  • Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*eˀj”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, pages 269-270
  • Vajda, Edward (2024), The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[1], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 376
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002), “¹eˑj”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 272
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005), “tongue”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 329
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