Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/sʳeɬetʳ

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *seˀ- (potential root morpheme), *seˀəλə (singular), *seˀn (plural, per Werner 2002)
  • *sēr₁e (singular), *seʔn, *sēr₁-n (plural, per Starostin 1994-2005)[1]
  • *se- (potential root morpheme), *seˀλʌ (singular), *seˀn (plural, per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • *seɬetʳ (for Pre-Proto-Yeniseian, per Fortescue-Vajda 2022 and Vajda 2024)
  • *šer₂, *ʂer₂ (per Cologne group 2023 & 2024. Pattern: s.3[2]-l.3)

Reconstruction notes

Proto-Yeniseian retroflex fricative *sʳ- is a result of assimilation incurred by the retroflex coda *-tʳ, which prevented Pumpokol forms listed below from shifting /*s-/ to /t-/. This retroflex assimilation occurs in two other reconstructed lemmas, but the scanty Pumpokol vocabulary is not enough to derive a pattern from these changes.

Etymology

Werner (2002) and Vajda-Werner (2022) posit that this term is a compound based on the irregular plural inflections and the polysyllabic root, but it would be a compound whose constituents are not known or discernable from any surviving records or is preserved in Ket. Starostin (1994-2005) rejects a compound nature of this root, giving that components are not specified by Werner.

Assan šar (“bull”) was borrowed from Proto-Common Turkic *šar, further derived from Proto-Mongolic *čar (“bull”), and is unrelated to the forms below.[3]

Noun

*sʳeɬetʳ (plural *sʳeɬetʳ-n)

  1. (zoology) reindeer
    Synonym: *ɢajVŋʷja

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Imbak Ket: dschöl, džöl (Eed-Šeš dialect)
    • Imbak Ket: séele
      • Ket: сель (sɛ̀lʲ) (Southern dialects), селе (sɛ̀lʲɛ) (Central dialects), сели (sɛ̀lʲi) (Northern dialects)
    • Ostyak Yug: sir (per Kostrov)
    • Ostyak Yug: séerʲa, seär, sär
      • Yug: сээʼр (sɛ̀ːˀr)
        • → Pumpokol: ser' (erroneously labeled as 'Pumpokol')
  • Kottic:
    • Kott: šele, šel'e, šeli (“wild game”) (singular), šetn (plural)
  • Arinic:
    • ⇒ Arin: sin (plural, translates Latin cervus)
  • Pumpokolic:
  • Proto-Pumpokolic: *sʳeɬetʳ-tɬad (“stag”, literally “reindeer-young”)
    • ⇒ Pumpokol: ssalálat (translates Latin rangifer)

References

  1. ^ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fDATA%2fYENISEY%2fYENET&text_number=622&root=config
  2. ^ Bonmann, Svenja; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Hill, Eugen (2023), “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part I: Word-Initial Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[1], number 5, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 69 of 39-82
  3. ^ Khabtagaeva, Bayarma (2019), “Assan šar”, in Language Contact in Siberia: Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic Loanwords in Yeniseian (The languages of Asia series; 19)‎[2], Brill, →ISBN, pages 76-77

Further reading

  • Bonmann, Svenja; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Hill, Eugen (2023), “'reindeer'”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part I: Word-Initial Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[3], number 5, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 62 of 39-82
  • Bonmann, Svenja; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Hill, Eugen (2023), “s.3 (Table 28)”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part I: Word-Initial Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[4], number 5, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 70 of 39-82
  • Hill, Eugen; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Svenja, Bonmann (2024), “'crucian carp'c”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[5], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 265 of 216-293
  • Hill, Eugen; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Svenja, Bonmann (2024), “Coda-l.3 (Table 21)”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[6], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 279 of 216-293
  • Fortescue, Michael; Vajda, Edward (2022), Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[7], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 251
  • Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*seħλʌ”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 2, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 775
  • Vajda, Edward (2024), “*sʳeɬetʳ, *sʳeɬetʳ-n”, in The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[8], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 419
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002), “(4) s'ɛl'”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 2, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 183
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005), “reindeer”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 316
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