afal

Welsh

Etymology

PIE word
*h₂ébōl

From Middle Welsh aual, from Proto-Brythonic *aβal, from Proto-Celtic *abūl, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl. Cognate with Breton aval, Cornish aval, Irish úll, Manx ooyl, Scottish Gaelic ubhal and English apple (as well as Avalon).

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈaval/
(South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈa(ː)val/
Rhymes: -aval

Noun

afal m (plural afalau)

apple

Derived terms

afal bach sur, afal sur (bach), corafal (“crabapple”)
afal breuant, afal y gwddf, afal Adda (“Adam's apple”)
afal caill yr esgob (“codling apple”)
(obsolete) afal cariad (“tomato, love apple”)
afal cwins (“quince”)
afal digoni, afal pobi (“cooking apple”)
afal drain (“hawthorn berry”)
afal dreiniog (“thorn-apple”)
(obsolete) afal euraid, afal oraets (“orange”)
afal gwlanog, afal peatus, afal paradwys (“peach”)
(obsolete) afal melyn, afal melynhir (“lemon”)
afal pinwydd (“pinecone”)
afal tinagored, afal tindoll (“medlar”)
afal (y) bwci (“rose hip”)
afal (y) derw (“oak apple”)
afal y ddaear (“birthwort, sowbread”)
afal y gar (“kneecap”)
afal y glyn (“the hollow of the thigh”)
afal y grudd (“the ball of the cheek”)
afal (y) llygad (“eyeball”)
afalaidd (“appley”)
afaleua (“to gather apples”)
(rare) asid afalau (“malic acid”)
(obsolete) aurafal (“orange”)
coeden afalau, afalbren (“apple tree”)
grawnafal, afal garnad, afal gronog, afal gronynnog (“pomegranate”)
pinafal, afal pin (“pineapple”)

Related terms

afallen, coed afalau (“apple tree”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of *afal*
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
afal	unchanged	unchanged	hafal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “afal”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “afal”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies