boucaner
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bu.ka.ne/
Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (Canada (Shawinigan)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
boucaner
- to smoke meat
- 1870, Prosper Mérimée, Lettres à Viollet-le-Duc:
- 'Ces grands foyers et ces tuyaux multipliés servaient encore à conserver les viandes en les boucanant.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
Conjugation of boucaner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | boucaner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | boucanant /bu.ka.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | boucané /bu.ka.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | boucane /bu.kan/ |
boucanes /bu.kan/ |
boucane /bu.kan/ |
boucanons /bu.ka.nɔ̃/ |
boucanez /bu.ka.ne/ |
boucanent /bu.kan/ |
| imperfect | boucanais /bu.ka.nɛ/ |
boucanais /bu.ka.nɛ/ |
boucanait /bu.ka.nɛ/ |
boucanions /bu.ka.njɔ̃/ |
boucaniez /bu.ka.nje/ |
boucanaient /bu.ka.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | boucanai /bu.ka.ne/ |
boucanas /bu.ka.na/ |
boucana /bu.ka.na/ |
boucanâmes /bu.ka.nam/ |
boucanâtes /bu.ka.nat/ |
boucanèrent /bu.ka.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | boucanerai /bu.kan.ʁe/ |
boucaneras /bu.kan.ʁa/ |
boucanera /bu.kan.ʁa/ |
boucanerons /bu.kan.ʁɔ̃/ |
boucanerez /bu.kan.ʁe/ |
boucaneront /bu.kan.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | boucanerais /bu.kan.ʁɛ/ |
boucanerais /bu.kan.ʁɛ/ |
boucanerait /bu.kan.ʁɛ/ |
boucanerions /bu.ka.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
boucaneriez /bu.ka.nə.ʁje/ |
boucaneraient /bu.kan.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | boucane /bu.kan/ |
boucanes /bu.kan/ |
boucane /bu.kan/ |
boucanions /bu.ka.njɔ̃/ |
boucaniez /bu.ka.nje/ |
boucanent /bu.kan/ |
| imperfect2 | boucanasse /bu.ka.nas/ |
boucanasses /bu.ka.nas/ |
boucanât /bu.ka.na/ |
boucanassions /bu.ka.na.sjɔ̃/ |
boucanassiez /bu.ka.na.sje/ |
boucanassent /bu.ka.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | boucane /bu.kan/ |
— | boucanons /bu.ka.nɔ̃/ |
boucanez /bu.ka.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
References
- “boucaner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Further reading
- “boucaner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.