caligo

Borrowed from Latin cālīgō (“darkness”). Doublet of garua.

caligo (uncountable)

1. (medicine, obsolete) dimness or obscurity of sight, caused by a speck on the cornea
2. A butterfly of the genus Caligo.

• Caligus

• “caligo”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

• glacio-

Formation from an earlier adjective is possible, similarly to several similar nouns in -īgō, examples at rōbīgō, with the verb deriving from the noun, as cālīgō (noun) +‎ -ō. A possible reading in Pacuvius suggests earlier verb semantics as “I make dark”, consistent with this construction. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“dark spot”), suggested to be connected to columba (“dove, pigeon”), Sanskrit कलङ्क (kalaṅka, “dark blemish”), Serbo-Croatian kâl / ка̑л ("mud, dirt").^[1][2][3] Various further Indo-European cognates have been suggested, such as Ancient Greek κελαινός (kelainós, “dark, black”), Ancient Greek κηλίς (kēlís, “spot, stain”) and the rare adjective Latin cā̆lidus (“having a white spot on the forehead”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [kaːˈliː.ɡoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [kaˈliː.ɡo]

cālīgō f (genitive cālīginis); third declension

1. fog, mist, vapor
2. darkness, gloom
3. (figuratively) fog, darkness (inability to perceive mentally)

Third-declension noun.

• (fog, mist): nebula

• Asturian: calina
• Catalan: calitja
• Galician: calixen
• Italian: caligine
• Portuguese: caligem, caruja, garoa, garua
• Sicilian: calìnija
• Spanish: calígine, calina, calima, garúa
• Translingual: Caligo
• Venetan: calìgo

cālīgō (present infinitive cālīgāre, perfect active cālīgāvī, supine cālīgātum); first conjugation

1. to (emit) steam
2. to be dark or gloomy
3. to grope about; have poor eyesight

• cālīgātiō

• “caligo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “caligo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "caligo", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “caligo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to obscure the mental vision: mentis quasi luminibus officere (vid. sect. XIII. 6) or animo caliginem offundere