cruáil

Irish

Alternative forms

  • cruadáil, cruadháil, cruagáil
  • cruadhdáil, cruadhdháil, cruadh-dháil, cruaidh-dháil (obsolete)[1]

Etymology

From crua (“hard”) +‎ dáil (“conditions”).[2]

Noun

cruáil f (genitive singular cruála)

  1. cruelty [with le ‘towards’]
  2. hardship, adversity
  3. stinginess

Declension

Declension of cruáil (third declension, no plural)
bare forms
singular
nominative cruáil
vocative a chruáil
genitive cruála
dative cruáil
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative an chruáil
genitive na cruála
dative leis an gcruáil
don chruáil

Synonyms

  • (cruelty): cruálacht
  • (hardship, adversity): anró, cruatan
  • (stinginess): ceacharthacht, sprionlaitheacht, gortaíl

Mutation

Mutated forms of cruáil
radical lenition eclipsis
cruáil chruáil gcruáil

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ “cruáil”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crúadáil”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

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